宁夏农林科技
寧夏農林科技
저하농림과기
NINGXIA JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
2014年
12期
36-38
,共3页
旱作%枣树%土壤含水量%TDR
旱作%棘樹%土壤含水量%TDR
한작%조수%토양함수량%TDR
Rain-fed%Ziziphus Jujuba Mill%Soil moisture%TDR
2013—2014年，连续2年对旱作4～5年生同心圆枣园土壤水分进行监测研究，结果表明：土壤含水量年际间差异明显，2014年平均土壤含水量在8%～13%，6月至7月下旬土壤含水量为8%～11%，明显低于2013年平均土壤含水量1%～3%，其他时间高于2013年平均土壤含水量。不同土层土壤含水量排序依次为60 cm＞40 cm＞20 cm；20 cm的土壤含水量变化与40 cm的基本一致，但含水量大部分时间比40 cm的低2%～3%。6月上旬以前，距离主干30 cm的土壤含水量大于距离主干70 cm和100 cm的土壤含水量；6月上旬以后，距离主干100 cm的土壤含水量大于距离主干30 cm和70 cm的土壤含水量。在40 cm土层深处施用保水剂能明显提高土壤含水量，大部分时间使土壤含水量比对照提高约3%。为了保障旱作枣树正常生长坐果，需保证6月份以前（枣树开花前）和8月中旬以后（枣树白熟期以后）土壤含水率不低于10%，在6～8月份土壤含水率不低于12%。
2013—2014年，連續2年對旱作4～5年生同心圓棘園土壤水分進行鑑測研究，結果錶明：土壤含水量年際間差異明顯，2014年平均土壤含水量在8%～13%，6月至7月下旬土壤含水量為8%～11%，明顯低于2013年平均土壤含水量1%～3%，其他時間高于2013年平均土壤含水量。不同土層土壤含水量排序依次為60 cm＞40 cm＞20 cm；20 cm的土壤含水量變化與40 cm的基本一緻，但含水量大部分時間比40 cm的低2%～3%。6月上旬以前，距離主榦30 cm的土壤含水量大于距離主榦70 cm和100 cm的土壤含水量；6月上旬以後，距離主榦100 cm的土壤含水量大于距離主榦30 cm和70 cm的土壤含水量。在40 cm土層深處施用保水劑能明顯提高土壤含水量，大部分時間使土壤含水量比對照提高約3%。為瞭保障旱作棘樹正常生長坐果，需保證6月份以前（棘樹開花前）和8月中旬以後（棘樹白熟期以後）土壤含水率不低于10%，在6～8月份土壤含水率不低于12%。
2013—2014년，련속2년대한작4～5년생동심원조완토양수분진행감측연구，결과표명：토양함수량년제간차이명현，2014년평균토양함수량재8%～13%，6월지7월하순토양함수량위8%～11%，명현저우2013년평균토양함수량1%～3%，기타시간고우2013년평균토양함수량。불동토층토양함수량배서의차위60 cm＞40 cm＞20 cm；20 cm적토양함수량변화여40 cm적기본일치，단함수량대부분시간비40 cm적저2%～3%。6월상순이전，거리주간30 cm적토양함수량대우거리주간70 cm화100 cm적토양함수량；6월상순이후，거리주간100 cm적토양함수량대우거리주간30 cm화70 cm적토양함수량。재40 cm토층심처시용보수제능명현제고토양함수량，대부분시간사토양함수량비대조제고약3%。위료보장한작조수정상생장좌과，수보증6월빈이전（조수개화전）화8월중순이후（조수백숙기이후）토양함수솔불저우10%，재6～8월빈토양함수솔불저우12%。
During 2013 and 2014, the moisture of the soil of the rain-fed 4~5 years' Ziziphus Jujuba Mill garden was moni-tored for continuous 2 years. The results showed that the soil water contents were significantly different in different years. In 2014, the average soil moisture distribution was in between 8% and 13%, but during June to late July, the water content of the soil was from 8% to 11%, 1%~3% lower than the soil moisture of 2013 and in the rest time of the year, the water content of the soil was higher than that of 2013. The soil water contents of different soil depth were in the order of 60 cm>40 cm>20 cm. The soil moisture content variation of the 20 cm soil was basically the same with that of the 40 cm, but the soil moisture content was 2%~3% lower than that of the 40 cm in most of the time. Before early June, the moisture content of the soil with a distance of 30 cm from the trunk was greater than those with the distances of 70 cm or 100 cm;after early June, the moisture content of the soil with a distance of 100 cm from the trunk was greater than those with the distances of 30 cm or 70 cm from the trunk. The application of water retaining agent in the soil of 40 cm depth could ob-viously improve the soil moisture content, 3% higher in most of the time compared with the control. In order to ensure the normal flowering and fruit bearing of the rain-fed jujube,the soil moisture contents should not less than 10% at before June (pre-flowering of jujube) or later in mid August (after white mature season of jujube), not less than 12% from June to Au-gust.
