CAJ | 학술논문

为了减少棉田病虫害对棉花造成的损失，对其进行防控是种植过程中的重要环节，及时有效地采集病虫害信息是对其监测、预测的前提和基础。传统模式下通过人工填写纸质表格采集数据，时空差异性大、统计繁琐、耗时耗力。该文基于移动GIS，以当前主流的Android/IOS手机操作系统为平台，运用GPS定位、离线地图加载、图形绘制等技术实现了病虫害发生位置及属性信息的快速采集，位置精度可达15 m。通过采用定义JSON模板，实现了异构平台数据的一致性，并通过无线网络发送信息至服务端的时空数据库，从而实现了空间数据与属性数据的聚合存储，数据从发送至入库可在5 s内完成。服务端运用空间插值对数据进行分析、处理及可视化表达，并将结果推送给移动终端用户，从而提供病虫害监测、预测服务，准确度可达70%以上。初步应用表明，该系统具有用户参与度好、实时性强、位置精确、经济便捷等特点，为农作物病虫害信息采集及农情监测提供参考。
위료감소면전병충해대면화조성적손실，대기진행방공시충식과정중적중요배절，급시유효지채집병충해신식시대기감측、예측적전제화기출。전통모식하통과인공전사지질표격채집수거，시공차이성대、통계번쇄、모시모력。해문기우이동GIS，이당전주류적Android/IOS수궤조작계통위평태，운용GPS정위、리선지도가재、도형회제등기술실현료병충해발생위치급속성신식적쾌속채집，위치정도가체15 m。통과채용정의JSON모판，실현료이구평태수거적일치성，병통과무선망락발송신식지복무단적시공수거고，종이실현료공간수거여속성수거적취합존저，수거종발송지입고가재5 s내완성。복무단운용공간삽치대수거진행분석、처리급가시화표체，병장결과추송급이동종단용호，종이제공병충해감측、예측복무，준학도가체70%이상。초보응용표명，해계통구유용호삼여도호、실시성강、위치정학、경제편첩등특점，위농작물병충해신식채집급농정감측제공삼고。
In order to reduce the losses caused by cotton pests and diseases, the prevention and control of cotton pests and diseases has become an important link in the process of cotton planting. Therefore, a timely and effective collection of information about cotton pests and diseases naturally becomes the premise and basis of monitoring and further forecasting. However, traditional way of collecting data by filling in paper manually presents several defects, such as the error caused in space and time, the cumbersome statistics and its time-consuming characteristic. Moreover,temporal resolution and spatial resolution of remote sensing monitoring can hardly reach the standard of monitoring, and the inversion model usually fails in achieving the ideal monitoring effect in terms of different cotton varieties and different growth stages. In comparison, information collection based on Mobile GIS has such advantages as its portability, public participation, instantaneity and accuracy in space and time. Focusing on the process of data collection, transmission, storage, analysis and service provision of cotton pests and diseases, this paper proposes a business solution of cotton pests and diseases information service based on Mobile GIS. The method tries to combine GPS positioning with off-line map loading in the mobile terminals to help acquire the precise location data. Users can mark the location where cotton pests and diseases occur by plotting points or polygon graphics on the map, the deviation of which is within 15 meters. Through the development of Android/IOS mobile terminal, collection time and grade of cotton pests and diseases are offered, which thus help gather the attribute information. By defining JSON data collection module, the unity of different platforms’ data collection is achieved. And through network, the data are further sent to the spatial-temporal database in the service terminal. Since the database of this system is Oracle Spatial database, when the server side receives data, the system automatically writes them to the database by using JDBC technology through Oracle API (application programming interface). Then the integrating and storing of spatial data and attribute data are realized. The whole process can be finished in 5 seconds. By using spatial interpolation based on inverse distance weighted method, the information of cotton pests and diseases is visualized, with the accuracy of 70%. Meanwhile, monitoring and forecasting services are provided to the mobile terminal through the server side by using ArcGIS Server. Users can browse thematic map of cotton pests and diseases released by administrator timely, which simplifies the process of information transmission. Through application and practice, it shows that this system has characteristics of instantaneity, accurate positioning, and public participation. The fact that users play the roles of both data collectors and service receivers propels the forming of new mode of geographical information service. In addition, the system also provides effective reference for information collection and agricultural condition monitoring.