CAJ | 학술논문

为了研究减压贮藏条件下杏鲍菇的适宜贮藏温度，以杏鲍菇为试材，采用0.07 mm厚的低密度聚乙烯袋抽真空至0.06 MPa减压包装后，分别置于0、2、4、6和8℃下贮藏，研究了不同贮藏温度对减压贮藏条件下杏鲍菇的生理生化及品质的影响。结果表明：2、4℃较好地保持了杏鲍菇超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）（P<0.01）、过氧化氢酶（catalase，CAT）活性（P<0.05），有效抑制了丙二醛（malondialdehyde，MDA）含量的上升（P<0.01），降低了呼吸强度（P<0.01），延缓了杏鲍菇子实体的衰老进程，较好地保持了杏鲍菇的硬度、弹性、内聚性和咀嚼性；降低了杏鲍菇的多酚氧化酶（polyphenol oxidase，PPO）活性（P<0.01），有效抑制了杏鲍菇的褐变，较好地保持了杏鲍菇的色泽（P<0.01）。因此，2～4℃为杏鲍菇减压贮藏条件下的适宜贮藏温度，有效延缓了杏鲍菇的后熟衰老进程，延长了杏鲍菇的贮藏期，从而为杏鲍菇的贮藏保鲜提供理论依据和技术方法。
위료연구감압저장조건하행포고적괄의저장온도，이행포고위시재，채용0.07 mm후적저밀도취을희대추진공지0.06 MPa감압포장후，분별치우0、2、4、6화8℃하저장，연구료불동저장온도대감압저장조건하행포고적생리생화급품질적영향。결과표명：2、4℃교호지보지료행포고초양화물기화매（superoxide dismutase，SOD）（P<0.01）、과양화경매（catalase，CAT）활성（P<0.05），유효억제료병이철（malondialdehyde，MDA）함량적상승（P<0.01），강저료호흡강도（P<0.01），연완료행포고자실체적쇠로진정，교호지보지료행포고적경도、탄성、내취성화저작성；강저료행포고적다분양화매（polyphenol oxidase，PPO）활성（P<0.01），유효억제료행포고적갈변，교호지보지료행포고적색택（P<0.01）。인차，2～4℃위행포고감압저장조건하적괄의저장온도，유효연완료행포고적후숙쇠로진정，연장료행포고적저장기，종이위행포고적저장보선제공이론의거화기술방법。
TakingPleurotus eryngii as the material, the experiment was carried out. In the experiment,Pleurotus eryngii was packaged in 0.07 mm low-density polyethylene bag that was vacuumed to 0.06 MPa, and stored in 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8℃. The effects of different storage temperatures on postharvest physiology and quality of Pleurotus eryngii were studied under the condition of hypobaric storage. The results showed thatPleurotus eryngii stored at 2 and 4℃ preferably maintained the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P<0.01) and catalase (CAT) (P<0.05), maintained a higher scavenging capacity of reactive oxygen free radical, inhibited effectively the increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) (P<0.01), reduced the respiration rate (P<0.01) and delayed aging process. So, it could better maintain the hardness, springiness, cohesiveness and chewiness, and inhibit effectively the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) (P<0.01), delay the browning degree and preferably maintain the color (P<0.01). For Pleurotus eryngii stored at 6 and 8℃, the activities of SOD and CAT changed greatly, and especially decreased rapidly in the middle-late storage period, but the activity of PPO was higher.Therefore, its scavenging activity of reactive oxygen species was weakened, large amounts of MDA were produced, and the respiration rate was increased. And the speeds of aging and browning of Pleurotus eryngii were accelerated, while texture quality was lowered. These results showed that 6 and 8℃ were not suitable for thestorage of Pleurotus eryngii under the hypobaric condition. However, the changes of postharvest physiology and quality ofpleurotus eryngii stored at 0℃ were special, for the respiration rate ofpleurotus eryngii fruit body stored at 0℃ was better inhibited, and the activity of SOD was maintained effectively, but the activity of CAT decreased rapidly when stored at 0℃. Whenpleurotus eryngii was stored at 0℃, the texture quality did not be kept well, and the activity of PPO, the value of color difference and the content of MDA were higher than that stored at 2 and 4℃; the content of MDA was even higher than that stored at 6 and 8℃ in the later storage period. So it can be inferred that the changes of postharvest physiology and quality ofpleurotus eryngii stored at 0℃ were abnormal. It may be the results of the slight chilling injury. The dormant cause is worth further studying. In conclusion, the appropriate storage temperature is from 2 to 4℃ for Pleurotus eryngii which is packaged in 0.07 mm low-density polyethylene bag that is vacuumed to 0.06 MPa. In this storage temperature, the fresh-keeping effects ofPleurotus eryngii are good. The storage method can effectively delay the ripening and senescence process ofPleurotus eryngii, keep the texture quality better, and extend the storage period ofPleurotus eryngii. In addition, not only this storage method has a good effect of storage, but also its cost is low and the operation is convenient. The hypobaric storage technology is flexible to the application to postharvest preservation ofPleurotus eryngii, and it avoids the high cost of the construction and operation of hypobaric cold storage. Therefore, this method is an effective storage method to reduce the loss of postharvest storage, and improve economic benefit ofPleurotus eryngii. This method has a certain popularization value and application prospect.