化工进展
化工進展
화공진전
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
2015年
3期
689-694
,共6页
油页岩%热解%微波加热%气态产物%析出特性
油頁巖%熱解%微波加熱%氣態產物%析齣特性
유혈암%열해%미파가열%기태산물%석출특성
oil shale%pyrolysis%microwave heating%gaseous product%release
利用微波化学试验装置研究了油页岩微波热解过程中挥发分析出特性，考察了微波功率、热解温度、不同热解温度阶段和催化剂对气体组成的影响。结果表明：微波加热能够提高油页岩热解气中H2、CO和C2H4的析出，降低 CO2的析出；50%（1600W）微波功率时烃类的析出量最大；在150～350℃的低温阶段热解气的析出量大，主要由吸附气体的释放，不稳定支链和基团的分解产生；温度升高，气态产物的析出主要由脱氢、芳构化、缩聚和自由基反应产生。催化剂促进了气体的析出，但不同类型催化剂对油页岩热解气组成的影响不同，分子筛的吸附作用促进二次分解和缩聚反应；黏土类催化剂在质子酸作用下促进有机质催化裂解加氢反应，加快断链和基团的稳定；金属类催化剂是强吸波性介质，能够提高升温速率，促进热解反应，其次促进氢自由基的产生和转移。
利用微波化學試驗裝置研究瞭油頁巖微波熱解過程中揮髮分析齣特性，攷察瞭微波功率、熱解溫度、不同熱解溫度階段和催化劑對氣體組成的影響。結果錶明：微波加熱能夠提高油頁巖熱解氣中H2、CO和C2H4的析齣，降低 CO2的析齣；50%（1600W）微波功率時烴類的析齣量最大；在150～350℃的低溫階段熱解氣的析齣量大，主要由吸附氣體的釋放，不穩定支鏈和基糰的分解產生；溫度升高，氣態產物的析齣主要由脫氫、芳構化、縮聚和自由基反應產生。催化劑促進瞭氣體的析齣，但不同類型催化劑對油頁巖熱解氣組成的影響不同，分子篩的吸附作用促進二次分解和縮聚反應；黏土類催化劑在質子痠作用下促進有機質催化裂解加氫反應，加快斷鏈和基糰的穩定；金屬類催化劑是彊吸波性介質，能夠提高升溫速率，促進熱解反應，其次促進氫自由基的產生和轉移。
이용미파화학시험장치연구료유혈암미파열해과정중휘발분석출특성，고찰료미파공솔、열해온도、불동열해온도계단화최화제대기체조성적영향。결과표명：미파가열능구제고유혈암열해기중H2、CO화C2H4적석출，강저 CO2적석출；50%（1600W）미파공솔시경류적석출량최대；재150～350℃적저온계단열해기적석출량대，주요유흡부기체적석방，불은정지련화기단적분해산생；온도승고，기태산물적석출주요유탈경、방구화、축취화자유기반응산생。최화제촉진료기체적석출，단불동류형최화제대유혈암열해기조성적영향불동，분자사적흡부작용촉진이차분해화축취반응；점토류최화제재질자산작용하촉진유궤질최화렬해가경반응，가쾌단련화기단적은정；금속류최화제시강흡파성개질，능구제고승온속솔，촉진열해반응，기차촉진경자유기적산생화전이。
The release of gaseous products in oil shale pyrolysis by microwave heating was investigated in a microwave heating test device. The effects on release of gaseous products in oil shale pyrolysis by microwave heating with different microwave powers from 30 percent to 80 percent of 1600W,heating temperature from 773K to 1173K,different pyrolysis temperature stages and different catalysts were studied. Microwave heating enhanced the release of H2,CO and C2H4. The release amount of hydrocarbons had a maximum at 50 percent microwave power of 1600W. A large amount of pyrolysis gas released at low temperature from 423K to 623K came from release of adsorbed gas and breakage of unstable branches and groupes. With increasing temperature,more gas was released from dehydrogenation,aromatization,condensation and free radical reaction of organic matter. Catalysts promoted gas release. However,different catalysts had different effects on pyrolysis gas composition. adsorption of molecular sieve (5A and 13X) promoted secondary decomposition and polymerization of organic matter. Clay catalysts (bentonite and activated clay) enhanced catalytic hydrogenation of organic matter under proton acid,sped up breakage of organic chains and improved groups stability.Metal catalysts (MoS2,FeS and Ni2O3) firstly increased heating rate and enhanced pyrolysis,secondly, promoted generation and transfer of hydrogen free radicals.
