CAJ | 학술논문

对3D模型安全阀的超压泄放机理及气体动力学过程进行了模拟分析和试验验证。利用区域分组法和路径分析法，对开启部件在超压泄放过程中的稳态流场参数进行了详细整理，研究了速度、压力参数在内外流场选定路径上的分布以及开启部件的动态力平衡情况。对竖直（Y）方向各种力平衡问题的研究和比较，证明了升力测试值为总力，包括静态力和动态力两部分，其中，静态力占绝对优势；反冲（升）力中，动态力起很大作用，间隙力属于自平衡力系。动态力主要来源于密封面和反冲盘折边出口附近的高速气体流动。阀芯反冲（升）力也主要来源于静态力，动态力影响较小。水平（X）方向力平衡参数研究结果表明，对于反冲盘与阀芯分离结构，阀芯处于严格的动态平衡中，而反冲盘则可能存在水平方向的不平衡力，可能导致阀芯开启和回座过程偏载。无论阀芯与反冲盘是整体还是分离式设计，此偏载均可能导致开启回座偏差，甚至引发颤振、频跳或密封面损坏。利用试验装置和新研制的传感器，获取了试验开启过程中阀芯压力、升力、开启高度和反冲盘测点压力，进一步计算了反冲盘和阀芯反冲（升）力的数值。试验和模拟结果对比表明，数值模拟结果与传感器测试数据吻合，为进一步研究内外流场及其动作机理奠定了基础。
대3D모형안전벌적초압설방궤리급기체동역학과정진행료모의분석화시험험증。이용구역분조법화로경분석법，대개계부건재초압설방과정중적은태류장삼수진행료상세정리，연구료속도、압력삼수재내외류장선정로경상적분포이급개계부건적동태력평형정황。대수직（Y）방향각충력평형문제적연구화비교，증명료승력측시치위총력，포괄정태력화동태력량부분，기중，정태력점절대우세；반충（승）력중，동태력기흔대작용，간극력속우자평형력계。동태력주요래원우밀봉면화반충반절변출구부근적고속기체류동。벌심반충（승）력야주요래원우정태력，동태력영향교소。수평（X）방향력평형삼수연구결과표명，대우반충반여벌심분리결구，벌심처우엄격적동태평형중，이반충반칙가능존재수평방향적불평형력，가능도치벌심개계화회좌과정편재。무론벌심여반충반시정체환시분리식설계，차편재균가능도치개계회좌편차，심지인발전진、빈도혹밀봉면손배。이용시험장치화신연제적전감기，획취료시험개계과정중벌심압력、승력、개계고도화반충반측점압력，진일보계산료반충반화벌심반충（승）력적수치。시험화모의결과대비표명，수치모의결과여전감기측시수거문합，위진일보연구내외류장급기동작궤리전정료기출。
With the numerical simulation and the experiment methods,the safety valve overpressure relief process and the gas dynamic problem are studied. The relief valve interior steady flow field of moving parts was analyzed by using the domain decomposition and paths analysis methods,the dynamic force balance,the distribution of velocity and the stress characteristics of the paths in the interior and external flow field were studied as well. The results showed that according to the balance of vertical(Y)direction force,experimental lift data came from total pressure,of which the static force was the main part. The dynamic force was important to the recoil force. The clearance force was balanced. The dynamic force mainly came from the high speed gas in the sealing surface and the disc holder ruffled. The static force was the main part of the valve core lift. The research on balance of horizontal(X) direction force showed that valve core was dynamically balanced,but unbalanced horizontal vibration force may exist in the disc holder,leading to a partial load during the open and return process. This partial load may lead to displacement deviation,flutter,chatter and damage the sealing surface,whether combining the valve core and the disc holder into one element or not. By using the experimental setup and the new sensor,the valve core pressure,lift,lifting height and the data of disc holder in monitoring points were successfully obtained,and the recoil force was calculated. The results showed that the 3D simulation was consistent with the sensor testing data.