CAJ | 학술논문

为研究深松对春玉米根系形态特征和生理特性的影响。以郑单958和先玉335为供试品种，设旋耕（R）、深松加旋耕（S+R）2个处理，于2012和2013年进行田间试验。结果表明，深松可以显著提高2个品种春玉米实测产量（P＜0.05）、春玉米乳熟期和完熟期根干质量（P＜0.05）且40 cm以下土层尤为明显。2个品种春玉米30 cm土层处的株、行间根幅均表现为S+R小于R处理，其中行间根幅的差异达到了显著水平（P＜0.05），单株根条数和比根长均表现为S+R显著高于R处理（P＜0.05）。乳熟期60 cm以下土层根系活力S+R高于R处理且随着土层的加深差异逐渐增大，超氧化物歧化酶和过氧物酶活性在吐丝期和乳熟期各土层S+R均高于R处理，而丙二醛含量低于旋耕处理。深松促进根系特别是下层根系干质量的增加，增加根系纵深分布，春玉米根系重心下移，并保持较高的生理活性，是其能够增产的重要原因。该文可为春玉米高产栽培提供依据。
위연구심송대춘옥미근계형태특정화생리특성적영향。이정단958화선옥335위공시품충，설선경（R）、심송가선경（S+R）2개처리，우2012화2013년진행전간시험。결과표명，심송가이현저제고2개품충춘옥미실측산량（P＜0.05）、춘옥미유숙기화완숙기근간질량（P＜0.05）차40 cm이하토층우위명현。2개품충춘옥미30 cm토층처적주、행간근폭균표현위S+R소우R처리，기중행간근폭적차이체도료현저수평（P＜0.05），단주근조수화비근장균표현위S+R현저고우R처리（P＜0.05）。유숙기60 cm이하토층근계활력S+R고우R처리차수착토층적가심차이축점증대，초양화물기화매화과양물매활성재토사기화유숙기각토층S+R균고우R처리，이병이철함량저우선경처리。심송촉진근계특별시하층근계간질량적증가，증가근계종심분포，춘옥미근계중심하이，병보지교고적생리활성，시기능구증산적중요원인。해문가위춘옥미고산재배제공의거。
Years of small power machincal shallow rotary tillage often causes issues such as shallow top soil layer and thick plough pan in the root layer. Subsoiling is an effective mean to solve the those issues. In this study, effect of subsoiling on root morphological and physiological characteristics of spring maize was investigated in order to understand the mechanism behind the high-yield cultivation of spring maize. In a two-year field experiment (2012 and 2013), two maize varieties of Zhengdan958 and Xianyu335 were planted in soils tilled with different practices including rotary tillage and subsoiling plus rotary tillage. The results showed that subsoiling could significantly (P<0.05) or extremely significantly (P<0.01) increase the maize yield. In the milking and maturity stages, subsoiling also significantly (Xianyu335,P<0.05) or extremely significantly (Zhengdan958,P<0.01) increased the dry root weight of spring maize, especially in soils under 40 cm depth. The root range of inter plant and inter row of two spring maize varieties at the 30 cm soil layer was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the subsoiling plus rotary tillage treatment than in the rotary tillage treatment. In addition, subsoiling increased the root number of per plant and the specific root length. The root activity of spring maize in milking stage in the soil layers below 60 cm was significantly higher in the subsoiling treatment than the rotary tillage treatment, and the difference between both treatments was increased along the depth of the soil. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in the treatment of subsoiling+rotary tillage treatment were higher than that of rotary tillage in silking stage under the soil layers below 40 cm. But the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was lower in the former than the latter treatment. Therefore, subsoiling promoted root development, especially increased root dry weight at the deep soil layer and root distribution along the soil profile, and kept high physiological activity, thus resulting in high yield of spring maize.