CAJ | 학술논문

在测量数据的获取过程中，经常存在着不确定性，它们影响着参数估计的可靠性。本文通过把不确定度作为参数融入函数模型，建立了不确定性平差模型。依据残差中不确定性传播规律，确定了残差最大不确定度达到最小的平差准则，利用迭代算法得到了不确定性平差模型的解算方法。通过实例分析了最小二乘平差、整体最小二乘平差和不确定性平差准则下最优解的不同特点，从另一个角度探讨了不确定性观测数据处理方法，推广了现有的误差理论。
재측량수거적획취과정중，경상존재착불학정성，타문영향착삼수고계적가고성。본문통과파불학정도작위삼수융입함수모형，건립료불학정성평차모형。의거잔차중불학정성전파규률，학정료잔차최대불학정도체도최소적평차준칙，이용질대산법득도료불학정성평차모형적해산방법。통과실례분석료최소이승평차、정체최소이승평차화불학정성평차준칙하최우해적불동특점，종령일개각도탐토료불학정성관측수거처리방법，추엄료현유적오차이론。
Uncertainty often exists in the process of obtaining measurement data , which affects the reliability of parameter estimation .This paper establishes a new adjustment model in which uncertainty is incorporated into the function model as a parameter .A new adjustment criterion and its iterative algorithm are given based on uncertainty propagation lawin the residual error ,in which the maximumpossible uncer‐tainty is minimized .This paper also analyzes ,with examples ,the different adjustment criteria and features of optimal solutions about the least‐squares adjustment ,the uncertainty adjustment and total least - squares adjustment .Existing error theory is extended with newobservational data processing method about uncertainty .