农学学报
農學學報
농학학보
Chinese Countryside Well-off Technology
2015年
1期
1-4
,共4页
陈强%韩文贺%王国红%刘世琦
陳彊%韓文賀%王國紅%劉世琦
진강%한문하%왕국홍%류세기
春马铃薯%膜上覆土%人工破膜%滕州市
春馬鈴藷%膜上覆土%人工破膜%滕州市
춘마령서%막상복토%인공파막%등주시
Spring Potato%Covering Soil over Membrane%Artificial Rupture of Membrane%Tengzhou City
春马铃薯栽培过程中需要人工抠破地膜放苗。采用地膜覆盖露地栽培、一垄双行栽培模式，通过膜上覆土技术代替人工破膜，考查膜上覆土的时间和厚度对出苗率、生育期、商品薯率的影响，探索适合当地马铃薯的栽培方式。研究表明，处理7、8和9顶芽距地表2 cm时覆土，覆土厚度相同，出苗率最高、出苗时间较早，出苗率分别为89.24%、94.97%、95.33%；处理7和8平均生育期与对照一致，均为86天；商品薯率与商品薯产量、生育期、出苗率显著正相关，处理8和9的商品薯率比对照显著增加约5%，其他各处理均表现出不同程度的减产，减产范围为6%~65%；处理8生育期为86天，商品薯率为96.40%，高于处理9，与对照相近，为最佳处理。结果表明，马铃薯顶芽距离地表2 cm时，覆土2~3 cm的处理最优。实施膜上覆土解决了人工破膜的弊端，对马铃薯产业持续健康发展具有一定意义。
春馬鈴藷栽培過程中需要人工摳破地膜放苗。採用地膜覆蓋露地栽培、一壟雙行栽培模式，通過膜上覆土技術代替人工破膜，攷查膜上覆土的時間和厚度對齣苗率、生育期、商品藷率的影響，探索適閤噹地馬鈴藷的栽培方式。研究錶明，處理7、8和9頂芽距地錶2 cm時覆土，覆土厚度相同，齣苗率最高、齣苗時間較早，齣苗率分彆為89.24%、94.97%、95.33%；處理7和8平均生育期與對照一緻，均為86天；商品藷率與商品藷產量、生育期、齣苗率顯著正相關，處理8和9的商品藷率比對照顯著增加約5%，其他各處理均錶現齣不同程度的減產，減產範圍為6%~65%；處理8生育期為86天，商品藷率為96.40%，高于處理9，與對照相近，為最佳處理。結果錶明，馬鈴藷頂芽距離地錶2 cm時，覆土2~3 cm的處理最優。實施膜上覆土解決瞭人工破膜的弊耑，對馬鈴藷產業持續健康髮展具有一定意義。
춘마령서재배과정중수요인공구파지막방묘。채용지막복개로지재배、일롱쌍행재배모식，통과막상복토기술대체인공파막，고사막상복토적시간화후도대출묘솔、생육기、상품서솔적영향，탐색괄합당지마령서적재배방식。연구표명，처리7、8화9정아거지표2 cm시복토，복토후도상동，출묘솔최고、출묘시간교조，출묘솔분별위89.24%、94.97%、95.33%；처리7화8평균생육기여대조일치，균위86천；상품서솔여상품서산량、생육기、출묘솔현저정상관，처리8화9적상품서솔비대조현저증가약5%，기타각처리균표현출불동정도적감산，감산범위위6%~65%；처리8생육기위86천，상품서솔위96.40%，고우처리9，여대조상근，위최가처리。결과표명，마령서정아거리지표2 cm시，복토2~3 cm적처리최우。실시막상복토해결료인공파막적폐단，대마령서산업지속건강발전구유일정의의。
In the process of spring potato shed cultivation, artificial rupture of membrane is needed. Using the cultivation mode of mulching cultivation and the double ridge cultivation during open cultivation, the effect of the time and thickness of covering soil to the emergence rate, the growth period and the commodity rate of potato were measured in order to find suitable cultivation of local potato. When the soil’s thickness was the same and it’s 2 cm above the ground, the highest germination rate and earliest germination time of treatment 7, 8 and 9 were gotten. The emergence rates respectively were 89.24%, 94.97%and 95.33%. The average growth period of treatment 7 and 8 was 86 d, which was the same with the control. There was significant positive correlation between the commodity rate of potato and the emergence rate, growth period and the commodity potato production. The commodity rate of potato was higher than the control. Other treatments showed different degrees of reduction. The reduction range was 6%-65%. The growth period of the treatment 8 was 86d. The commodity rate of potato of the treatment 8 was 96.40%, which was higher than the treatment 8 and the same with the control. The treatment 8 was the best treatment. The results showed that when the potato buds was over 2 cm from the surface, the best overburden thickness was 2-3 cm. The covering soil over membrane over membrane solved the drawbacks of the artificial rupture of membrane. This study had some significance to the sustainable and healthy development of the potato industry.
