CAJ | 학술논문

全面摸清黑龙江省农田除草剂使用情况，将会对黑龙江农业生产及农业生态环境的改善起到重要作用。笔者在黑龙江省首次较全面系统地对国内外除草剂生产企业及部分农药经销商采用调查表的形式，调查了黑龙江除草剂使用的品种、使用量及在各地区的分布情况，为指导除草剂的合理应用提供理论依据。黑龙江农药使用以除草剂为主，占农药量的85%以上。在黑龙江应用的除草剂品种单剂55种、混剂41种，其中旱田单剂34种、混剂29种，水田单剂21种、混剂12种。2012年除草剂使用商品量59504 t，有效量28693 t，可用面积3575万hm2次。2012年除草剂商品使用量比2011年增加11.9%；有效量增加7.7%；可使用面积增加12.9%。在全省分布方面，哈尔滨占33%，因为哈尔滨是农药的集散地；其次是佳木斯占22%，齐齐哈尔17%。建议建立经济、合理使用除草剂的标准体系，限制和减少长残留除草剂的生产和使用，推广应用安全、高效的除草剂品种。
전면모청흑룡강성농전제초제사용정황，장회대흑룡강농업생산급농업생태배경적개선기도중요작용。필자재흑룡강성수차교전면계통지대국내외제초제생산기업급부분농약경소상채용조사표적형식，조사료흑룡강제초제사용적품충、사용량급재각지구적분포정황，위지도제초제적합리응용제공이론의거。흑룡강농약사용이제초제위주，점농약량적85%이상。재흑룡강응용적제초제품충단제55충、혼제41충，기중한전단제34충、혼제29충，수전단제21충、혼제12충。2012년제초제사용상품량59504 t，유효량28693 t，가용면적3575만hm2차。2012년제초제상품사용량비2011년증가11.9%；유효량증가7.7%；가사용면적증가12.9%。재전성분포방면，합이빈점33%，인위합이빈시농약적집산지；기차시가목사점22%，제제합이17%。건의건립경제、합리사용제초제적표준체계，한제화감소장잔류제초제적생산화사용，추엄응용안전、고효적제초제품충。
A comprehensive understanding of farmland usage of herbicide in Heilongjiang Province, will play an important role in Heilongjiang agricultural production and the improvement of agricultural ecological environment. The author comprehensively and systematically examined the varieties of herbicide used in Heilongjiang, the usage and distribution in parts of the world for the first time, and this survey was for the herbicide pesticide production enterprises and some dealers at home and abroad in the form of questionnaire, which can provide theoretical basis for the reasonable application of herbicide. Herbicide was priority pesticide used in Heilongjiang Province, which was over 85%of the amount of pesticide. The herbicide used in Heilongjiang including 55 kinds of single dose, 41 kinds of mixed dose, and of which there were 34 kinds of single dose and 29 kinds of mixed dose used in dry farmland, there were 21 kinds of single dose and 12 kinds of mixed dose used in paddy field. The amount of herbicide goods was 59504 tons, effective dose was 28693 tons used in Heilongjiang in year 2012, available area was over 3575 million hm2. The amount of herbicide goods increased 11.9%, effective dose increased 7.7%, available area increased 12.9%. Distribution in the whole province: Harbin accounted for 33%, because Harbin was the collection and distribution center or pesticide. The second was the Jiamusi accounted for 22%, and Qiqihar accounted for 17%. Advice to establish standard system of economical and rational use of herbicides, limit and reduce the production and use of long residual herbicides, promote and apply safe and efficient herbicides.