中国岩溶
中國巖溶
중국암용
CARSOLOGICA SINICA
2014年
3期
263-271
,共9页
王宇%何绕生%刘海峰%王梓溦%晏祥省%双灵%彭淑惠
王宇%何繞生%劉海峰%王梓溦%晏祥省%雙靈%彭淑惠
왕우%하요생%류해봉%왕재미%안상성%쌍령%팽숙혜
九龙池泉%疏干排水%地下水动态监测%地下工程%水源地%滇池
九龍池泉%疏榦排水%地下水動態鑑測%地下工程%水源地%滇池
구룡지천%소간배수%지하수동태감측%지하공정%수원지%전지
Jiulongchi spring%drainage dewatering%dynamic groundwater monitoring%underground engi-neering%water source field%the Dianchi lake
九龙池岩溶水系统分布于昆明盆地北部，岩溶含水层由蛇山裸露岩溶山区延伸至盆地底部松散土层覆盖区，在翠湖一带因上覆松散盖层薄，下游存在碎屑岩地层阻水，使地下水位壅高呈股状溢出地表，形成九龙池泉群。九龙池泉群是翠湖的源泉，也是滇池水源之一。九龙池泉群的断流，反映出滇池水环境的急剧变化。通过20世纪60年代以来地下水观测资料的分析研究，结合钻井开采地下水、工程开挖疏排地下水、地下水补给山区石漠化演化等对比评价，得出不合理的人类开发建设活动是导致九龙池泉群断流的主要原因。封停开采井、人防工程封闭止水、调水入滇池等直接或间接的措施，已经取得了明显的效果，使泉群周围地区地下水位呈现持续上升的态势。
九龍池巖溶水繫統分佈于昆明盆地北部，巖溶含水層由蛇山裸露巖溶山區延伸至盆地底部鬆散土層覆蓋區，在翠湖一帶因上覆鬆散蓋層薄，下遊存在碎屑巖地層阻水，使地下水位壅高呈股狀溢齣地錶，形成九龍池泉群。九龍池泉群是翠湖的源泉，也是滇池水源之一。九龍池泉群的斷流，反映齣滇池水環境的急劇變化。通過20世紀60年代以來地下水觀測資料的分析研究，結閤鑽井開採地下水、工程開挖疏排地下水、地下水補給山區石漠化縯化等對比評價，得齣不閤理的人類開髮建設活動是導緻九龍池泉群斷流的主要原因。封停開採井、人防工程封閉止水、調水入滇池等直接或間接的措施，已經取得瞭明顯的效果，使泉群週圍地區地下水位呈現持續上升的態勢。
구룡지암용수계통분포우곤명분지북부，암용함수층유사산라로암용산구연신지분지저부송산토층복개구，재취호일대인상복송산개층박，하유존재쇄설암지층조수，사지하수위옹고정고상일출지표，형성구룡지천군。구룡지천군시취호적원천，야시전지수원지일。구룡지천군적단류，반영출전지수배경적급극변화。통과20세기60년대이래지하수관측자료적분석연구，결합찬정개채지하수、공정개알소배지하수、지하수보급산구석막화연화등대비평개，득출불합리적인류개발건설활동시도치구룡지천군단류적주요원인。봉정개채정、인방공정봉폐지수、조수입전지등직접혹간접적조시，이경취득료명현적효과，사천군주위지구지하수위정현지속상승적태세。
The Jiulongchi spring group is located in the northern part of the Kunming basin.The karst aquifer system in this area extends from the bare karst mountain zone of the Sheshan hill to the loose soil zone at the bottom of the Kunming basin.Due to the facts that the soil layer of Cuihu lake district is very thin and groundwater infiltration is blocked by the clastic rock strata at the southern side,the groundwater rises and overflows the surface over a short period,forming the Jiulongchi spring group.The Jiulongchi spring group is not only the source of Cuihu lake,but also one of the sources for Dianchi lake.The drought of the Jiulong-chi spring group reflects serious deterioration of the water environment in Dianchi lake basin.Based on dy-namic groundwater monitoring data from the 1 960's,groundwater exploitation data,groundwater drainage excavation and the expansive rocky desertification in the groundwater recharge area of Sheshan karst hill,it is proved that the unsustainable large-scale development and underground channel construction in the area were the primary causes of the drought of the Jiulongchi spring group.Many of the restoration measures are very effective,such as closing production wells,shutting down underground shelters,and transferring long-distance water from outside of Dianchi basin into the basin.It is noted that the groundwater level around the Jiulongchi spring group started to rise after the measures were implemented.
