CAJ | 학술논문

空间活动构件尤其舱外活动件要在空间低温、交变温度、辐照、严重摩擦磨损和冷焊等苛刻环境下长期运转，其寿命与精度已成为航天器能否在轨长期服役的关键环节之一。锆及锆合金具有中子吸收截面小，良好的耐腐蚀和抗辐照特点，因此被广泛应用于核工业和化工业当中，其具有作为空间飞行器活动构件材料使用的发展潜力。但由于纯锆的抗拉强度较低，不能直接作为结构材料使用。实现强韧化并突破制备技术的瓶颈成为将其应用于空间活动构件的关键环节。本文从理论与实验两方面讨论了锆合金结构特点，成分设计与优化，组织性能关系等问题，针对空间活动构件的服役环境，提出了可作为空间活动构件使用的锆系合金材料的最佳体系与成分。
공간활동구건우기창외활동건요재공간저온、교변온도、복조、엄중마찰마손화랭한등가각배경하장기운전，기수명여정도이성위항천기능부재궤장기복역적관건배절지일。고급고합금구유중자흡수절면소，량호적내부식화항복조특점，인차피엄범응용우핵공업화화공업당중，기구유작위공간비행기활동구건재료사용적발전잠력。단유우순고적항랍강도교저，불능직접작위결구재료사용。실현강인화병돌파제비기술적병경성위장기응용우공간활동구건적관건배절。본문종이론여실험량방면토론료고합금결구특점，성분설계여우화，조직성능관계등문제，침대공간활동구건적복역배경，제출료가작위공간활동구건사용적고계합금재료적최가체계여성분。
Space moving components especially extravehicuar parts require long-term operatations in harsh environment under spa-ce low temperature, alternating tmperature, irradiation, severe frictional wear and cold welding, and the lifetime and precision become one of the critical considerations determining whether the spacecrafts can serve long time in orbit. Zirconium (Zr) and Zr alloys show many desirable physicochemical properties, namely, small thermal neutron absorption cross-section, good corrosion resistance, excellent anti-irradiation, and so on. These materials have been widely used in the nuclear and chemical industries, which have the potential to be utilized in the moving components of spacecrafts. However, the tensile strength of pure Zr is low, it can not be used as structural materials directly. Therefore, strengthening and toughening of Zr and a breakthrough of preparation technology become the key link making it suitable in space moving components. The structural characteristics, composition design and optimization, relationship between structures and properties of Zr alloys are discussed both theoretically and experimentally, the best Zr alloy systerms and compostions for space moving components are presented according to the service envirements.