机械工程学报
機械工程學報
궤계공정학보
CHINESE JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
2015年
3期
129-138
,共10页
共振解调%小波滤波%Morlet小波%频带优化
共振解調%小波濾波%Morlet小波%頻帶優化
공진해조%소파려파%Morlet소파%빈대우화
resonance demodulation%wavelet filter%Morlet wavelet%frequency band optimization
滚动轴承发生局部故障时,其振动信号中将出现周期性发生的脉冲响应。共振解调被广泛用于从振动信号中提取此类冲击响应特征,但其首要问题是确定带通滤波器的中心频率和带宽。现有的频带优化方法存在计算量大且优化指标只考虑信号中冲击成分的强弱、而未考虑脉冲发生的周期性特征等缺点。针对不足,确定了以中心频率为主带宽为辅的频带参数优化方法,并提出了一个既能反映信号中冲击成分的存在及强弱又能突出冲击发生的周期性特点的频带优化新指标——包络谱峰值因子,该因子定义为包络谱最大值与有效值之比。将此方法和新指标应用于复平移 Morlet 小波共振解调的频带优化,通过轴承疲劳试验数据分析及工程实际应用并与峭度、平滑度指标和山农熵进行比较,验证了该方法和指标在最优频带确定中的有效性和优越性。
滾動軸承髮生跼部故障時,其振動信號中將齣現週期性髮生的脈遲響應。共振解調被廣汎用于從振動信號中提取此類遲擊響應特徵,但其首要問題是確定帶通濾波器的中心頻率和帶寬。現有的頻帶優化方法存在計算量大且優化指標隻攷慮信號中遲擊成分的彊弱、而未攷慮脈遲髮生的週期性特徵等缺點。針對不足,確定瞭以中心頻率為主帶寬為輔的頻帶參數優化方法,併提齣瞭一箇既能反映信號中遲擊成分的存在及彊弱又能突齣遲擊髮生的週期性特點的頻帶優化新指標——包絡譜峰值因子,該因子定義為包絡譜最大值與有效值之比。將此方法和新指標應用于複平移 Morlet 小波共振解調的頻帶優化,通過軸承疲勞試驗數據分析及工程實際應用併與峭度、平滑度指標和山農熵進行比較,驗證瞭該方法和指標在最優頻帶確定中的有效性和優越性。
곤동축승발생국부고장시,기진동신호중장출현주기성발생적맥충향응。공진해조피엄범용우종진동신호중제취차류충격향응특정,단기수요문제시학정대통려파기적중심빈솔화대관。현유적빈대우화방법존재계산량대차우화지표지고필신호중충격성분적강약、이미고필맥충발생적주기성특정등결점。침대불족,학정료이중심빈솔위주대관위보적빈대삼수우화방법,병제출료일개기능반영신호중충격성분적존재급강약우능돌출충격발생적주기성특점적빈대우화신지표——포락보봉치인자,해인자정의위포락보최대치여유효치지비。장차방법화신지표응용우복평이 Morlet 소파공진해조적빈대우화,통과축승피로시험수거분석급공정실제응용병여초도、평활도지표화산농적진행비교,험증료해방법화지표재최우빈대학정중적유효성화우월성。
Local defects in bearings give rise to periodic impulses in vibrations. Resonance demodulation is widely adopted to extract such impulse train from vibrations. In order for the resonance demodulation to be used to good effect, various optimization procedure and index have been introduced to optimize the frequency band of resonance demodulation. Unfortunately, most of the optimization procedures available are computationally intensive, whilst the indices only depict the existence and level of an impact without considering its periodical occurrence. Targeted at such deficiencies, a procedure which searches for optimal center frequency with a high resolution while bandwidth with a low resolution is presented so as to alleviate computation burden. Moreover, a new index termed crest factor of envelope spectrum is formulated as the ratio of the maximum value to the root mean square of envelope spectrum, taking into account both the level and periodicity of impulses. The proposed procedure and index is employed to optimize the parameters of complex shifted Morlet wavelet for bearing defect diagnosis, and results on bearing run-to-failure experiment and filed data are in favorable of them in comparison with kurtosis, smoothness index and Shannon entropy.