CAJ | 학술논문

香蕉枯萎病是一种传染性极强的土传病害，对生产危害极大。从研究香蕉种植户对枯萎病的认知特征和防控技术行为入手，可以为科学防控枯萎病提供基础。本研究以海南、广东、广西、福建和云南等香蕉主产区的20个县(区)的133份调查资料为样本，采用结构方程模型进行研究，结果表明：认知程度直接影响香蕉枯萎病防控技术的扩散，防控成本、受教育程度、收入水平、技术培训经历和种植经验等均不同程度地影响种植户对枯萎病的防控行为；蕉园土壤酸碱度及有机质含量、抗逆品种的选择对枯萎病蔓延有一定的影响。引导和规范种植户修复土壤、重施有机肥、注重土壤酸碱度平衡等生产技术行为，可以抑制或减缓枯萎病的蔓延；拓展香蕉种植户对枯萎病防控技术的认知深度，以“技术的供给与需求相结合”为导向，加大扶持力度，建立起枯萎病统防统治等综合防控体系，可以达到抑制枯萎病的目的。
향초고위병시일충전염성겁강적토전병해，대생산위해겁대。종연구향초충식호대고위병적인지특정화방공기술행위입수，가이위과학방공고위병제공기출。본연구이해남、엄동、엄서、복건화운남등향초주산구적20개현(구)적133빈조사자료위양본，채용결구방정모형진행연구，결과표명：인지정도직접영향향초고위병방공기술적확산，방공성본、수교육정도、수입수평、기술배훈경력화충식경험등균불동정도지영향충식호대고위병적방공행위；초완토양산감도급유궤질함량、항역품충적선택대고위병만연유일정적영향。인도화규범충식호수복토양、중시유궤비、주중토양산감도평형등생산기술행위，가이억제혹감완고위병적만연；탁전향초충식호대고위병방공기술적인지심도，이“기술적공급여수구상결합”위도향，가대부지력도，건립기고위병통방통치등종합방공체계，가이체도억제고위병적목적。
Banana fusarium wilt has great harmful to the agricultural production, which is a highly contagious soil-borne diseases. Therefore, the study on farmers' cognitive characteristics and control behavior of banana fusarium wilt, will provide foundation for scientific prevention and control of wilt disease. This paper takes 133 scattered rural households survey data as the sample which is collected from 20 counties (districts) in the major banana production area of Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and Yunnan, and introduces structural equation model to analyze these collected questionnaires. One of results of this study shows that cognition degree of banana fusarium wilt among growers has a direct impact on the diffusion of this disease's prevention and control technology. Specially, these factors such as educational level, income standard, technical training and the experience in planting etc. all have effects on the growers' behavior of control of banana fusarium wilt. Another result of this article indicates that banana plantation's soil PH, organic matter content and the selection of stress-resistant varieties also have some influence on the spread of fusarium wilt. In addition, some measures are proposed accordingly, such as restoring the soil, emphasizing the application of organic fertilizer, focusing on the balance of soil PH etc., these production techniques can guid and normalize growers' behavior. What's more, expanding growers' cognitive depth on the control technology, combining technological supply with its demand, strengthening government's support efforts, establishing a perfect system of integrated prevention and control, which can also achieve the purpose of inhibiting banana fusarium wilt effectively.