刑事技术
刑事技術
형사기술
FORENSIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
2015年
1期
35-39
,共5页
法医昆虫学%尸热%腐败%蝇蛆滋生温度
法醫昆蟲學%尸熱%腐敗%蠅蛆滋生溫度
법의곤충학%시열%부패%승저자생온도
forensic entomology%postmortem temperature rising%corpse/carcass decomposition%maggot growth temperature
目的：探讨在特定条件下尸体腐败过程中温度变化的规律，为解决死亡时间的推断提供科学依据，同时观察蝇蛆在尸体上所经历的温度变化，探寻其变化特点和规律为法医昆虫学检验提供依据。方法在深圳不同季节放置猪尸于室外的草地上，温度计探头分别置于舌下及插入直肠约5cm 深处。分别观察记录口腔和直肠的温度，死亡第1d 每小时测定尸体温度1次，从第2d 开始每天定时测定3次。尸体上蝇类昆虫（成虫和幼虫）的发生情况逐日进行观察记录。在实验室观察恒温下不同蝇蛆滋生密度对猪肝块温度的影响。将初孵幼虫按不同密度分别接于新鲜的50g 猪肝上，插入温度计，使温度计探头与猪肝块充分接触，再置于24℃的生化培养箱内饲养。在同样条件下,设立未接入初孵幼虫的猪肝块作为对照组。每天分别测定记录5次，然后对测得的结果进行统计。结果蝇蛆滋生可显著引起尸体温度上升，春季最高约上升8℃，夏季最高可上升22℃；升温主要集中在蝇蛆聚集的部位；蝇蛆滋生引起猪肝块温度上升的幅度较小，一般仅为数度；随着滋生密度的增加，升温幅度增加。结论蝇蛆活动可引起尸体温度上升，从而影响昆虫发育历期。凡有蝇蛆滋生的尸体均不能忽视“尸热现象”。
目的：探討在特定條件下尸體腐敗過程中溫度變化的規律，為解決死亡時間的推斷提供科學依據，同時觀察蠅蛆在尸體上所經歷的溫度變化，探尋其變化特點和規律為法醫昆蟲學檢驗提供依據。方法在深圳不同季節放置豬尸于室外的草地上，溫度計探頭分彆置于舌下及插入直腸約5cm 深處。分彆觀察記錄口腔和直腸的溫度，死亡第1d 每小時測定尸體溫度1次，從第2d 開始每天定時測定3次。尸體上蠅類昆蟲（成蟲和幼蟲）的髮生情況逐日進行觀察記錄。在實驗室觀察恆溫下不同蠅蛆滋生密度對豬肝塊溫度的影響。將初孵幼蟲按不同密度分彆接于新鮮的50g 豬肝上，插入溫度計，使溫度計探頭與豬肝塊充分接觸，再置于24℃的生化培養箱內飼養。在同樣條件下,設立未接入初孵幼蟲的豬肝塊作為對照組。每天分彆測定記錄5次，然後對測得的結果進行統計。結果蠅蛆滋生可顯著引起尸體溫度上升，春季最高約上升8℃，夏季最高可上升22℃；升溫主要集中在蠅蛆聚集的部位；蠅蛆滋生引起豬肝塊溫度上升的幅度較小，一般僅為數度；隨著滋生密度的增加，升溫幅度增加。結論蠅蛆活動可引起尸體溫度上升，從而影響昆蟲髮育歷期。凡有蠅蛆滋生的尸體均不能忽視“尸熱現象”。
목적：탐토재특정조건하시체부패과정중온도변화적규률，위해결사망시간적추단제공과학의거，동시관찰승저재시체상소경력적온도변화，탐심기변화특점화규률위법의곤충학검험제공의거。방법재심수불동계절방치저시우실외적초지상，온도계탐두분별치우설하급삽입직장약5cm 심처。분별관찰기록구강화직장적온도，사망제1d 매소시측정시체온도1차，종제2d 개시매천정시측정3차。시체상승류곤충（성충화유충）적발생정황축일진행관찰기록。재실험실관찰항온하불동승저자생밀도대저간괴온도적영향。장초부유충안불동밀도분별접우신선적50g 저간상，삽입온도계，사온도계탐두여저간괴충분접촉，재치우24℃적생화배양상내사양。재동양조건하,설립미접입초부유충적저간괴작위대조조。매천분별측정기록5차，연후대측득적결과진행통계。결과승저자생가현저인기시체온도상승，춘계최고약상승8℃，하계최고가상승22℃；승온주요집중재승저취집적부위；승저자생인기저간괴온도상승적폭도교소，일반부위수도；수착자생밀도적증가，승온폭도증가。결론승저활동가인기시체온도상승，종이영향곤충발육력기。범유승저자생적시체균불능홀시“시열현상”。
Objective In order to investigate the regular pattern about temperature change during postmortem decomposition under certain conditions and to offer scientific proof to the estimation of postmortem interval, meanwhile, to make clear the actual temperature rising caused with the maggot growing in carcass and provide a reference for the criminal investigation. Methods The pig carcasses were left in field in different seasons, the sensors of thermometers were put under the tongues and inserted into the rectums about 5cm to monitor temperature changing. The maggots developing in the carcasses were observed and measured day by day. At a constant temperature in lab, a piece of pig liver infested with maggot at different density was used to reveal the temperature changing with infested maggot. The obtained experimental data was analyzed statistically. Results Carcass temperature elevated along with dense aggregation of larvae, rising about 8℃ in spring while in summer even up to 22℃ . The bigger the maggot density was, the higher and quicker the temperature rose in the infested area. Conclusions The temperature of carcass can be elevated with maggot infestation and reversely affect the relative insect developing. The temperature rising in carcass should not be neglected especially when maggot is observed.
