CAJ | 학술논문

人类胸骨的形态特征与性别具有密切关系，各项研究普遍认为，胸骨具有显著性别差异，其指标有：胸骨总长、胸骨体长、柄宽、柄厚、体宽、体厚、胸骨面积。但指标胸骨柄长、胸骨指数的性别差异仍然存在争议。合理联用性别差异显著的相关指标，建立性别判别方程式，确定相应的临界判别值，判定性别即可获得较高的正确率。现有数据显示，国内外研究胸骨判定性别结果的精度可高达90%以上。目前国内的研究方法主要为通过手工测量长度指标获取测量值，计算有关指数，此类方法对骨骼的处理费时费力且人为因素影响较大。医学影像技术的进步，有望简化处理该过程，使得研究结果更为科学精确，特别是多层螺旋 CT 在法医人类学检查、测量及同一认定中具有实用价值。借鉴国外一些利用 X 线摄影、CT 扫描技术进行有关研究的方法，采用多层面重组结合三维重建图像的测量方法有望获得更为准确的测量数据，为胸骨的性别判定提供1种快捷、准确的新途径。本文对国内外胸骨性别差异的相关研究成果进行了综述，尤其关注了法医学个体识别方面的数据，这些资料为研究胸骨三维重建影像的形态特征奠定了基础，将有力促进胸骨个体识别方法的突破性发展。
인류흉골적형태특정여성별구유밀절관계，각항연구보편인위，흉골구유현저성별차이，기지표유：흉골총장、흉골체장、병관、병후、체관、체후、흉골면적。단지표흉골병장、흉골지수적성별차이잉연존재쟁의。합리련용성별차이현저적상관지표，건립성별판별방정식，학정상응적림계판별치，판정성별즉가획득교고적정학솔。현유수거현시，국내외연구흉골판정성별결과적정도가고체90%이상。목전국내적연구방법주요위통과수공측량장도지표획취측량치，계산유관지수，차류방법대골격적처리비시비력차인위인소영향교대。의학영상기술적진보，유망간화처리해과정，사득연구결과경위과학정학，특별시다층라선 CT 재법의인류학검사、측량급동일인정중구유실용개치。차감국외일사이용 X 선섭영、CT 소묘기술진행유관연구적방법，채용다층면중조결합삼유중건도상적측량방법유망획득경위준학적측량수거，위흉골적성별판정제공1충쾌첩、준학적신도경。본문대국내외흉골성별차이적상관연구성과진행료종술，우기관주료법의학개체식별방면적수거，저사자료위연구흉골삼유중건영상적형태특정전정료기출，장유력촉진흉골개체식별방법적돌파성발전。
Domestic and foreign researches have shown that the morphological character of sternum has strong connections with sex. The sternum length, gladiolus size, manubrium cubic shape and sternum dimension were often used as indicators of sex, but it is still disputable to identify sex with the index of sternum. Therefore, to establish an equation of differentiating sex is considerable based upon selecting the high credible elements indicated above so as to define a threshold value for identifying sex and achieve higher accuracy. Present data, home and abroad, demonstrates that the accuracy of sex identification with the morphology of sternum is greater than 90 percent. The manual measurement of the sternum length is the main method to acquire relative values, which is time-consuming and laborious, easily affected by operators. New medical imaging technology, for example, the multi-layer spiral computed tomography, is bringing new resort to identify sex through sternum, convenient to handle and operate. More accurate and accessible data will be acquired by 3D reconstruction imaging combined with multiplanar reconstruction, X-ray photographing and CT scanning. This paper summarizes the relevant reference on sternum morphology of different sex, and especially focuses on the forensic data of assistance in the individual identification, hoping to shed light on the study of 3D reconstruction imaging of sternum morphology and improve the innovation of method for individual identification by sternum.