技术经济与管理研究
技術經濟與管理研究
기술경제여관리연구
TECHNOECONOMICS & MANAGEMENT RESEARCH
2015年
3期
56-59
,共4页
环境资本%资源配置%企业发展%环境规制
環境資本%資源配置%企業髮展%環境規製
배경자본%자원배치%기업발전%배경규제
Environmental capital%Resources allocation%Enterprise development%Environmental regulation
中国的环境问题日益严峻，企业应承担主要责任，正是由于污染负外部性使企业依赖环境资本获得超级收益。文章从企业以利润最大化为最终目标的角度出发，首先基于柯布-道格拉斯生产模型，分析了环境资本对企业最高收益的影响，发现加入环境资本的三重路径依赖与传统双重路径依赖的资源最优化配置存在差异。其次文章依据污染强度区分行业异质性，运用DEA方法对产业全要素生产率进行了测算，发现考虑了环境资本的绿色全要素生产率普遍下降，进一步印证了环境资本对企业发展的额外贡献。研究发现企业的可持续发展必须克服典型的经济理性，内化环境污染成本，转变为“环境经济人”。同时政府需要实施环境规制，并防止企业发生寻租行为，从体制政策和市场调节多方面入手，提高现代企业主动承担环境社会责任的自觉性，以促进经济可持续发展。
中國的環境問題日益嚴峻，企業應承擔主要責任，正是由于汙染負外部性使企業依賴環境資本穫得超級收益。文章從企業以利潤最大化為最終目標的角度齣髮，首先基于柯佈-道格拉斯生產模型，分析瞭環境資本對企業最高收益的影響，髮現加入環境資本的三重路徑依賴與傳統雙重路徑依賴的資源最優化配置存在差異。其次文章依據汙染彊度區分行業異質性，運用DEA方法對產業全要素生產率進行瞭測算，髮現攷慮瞭環境資本的綠色全要素生產率普遍下降，進一步印證瞭環境資本對企業髮展的額外貢獻。研究髮現企業的可持續髮展必鬚剋服典型的經濟理性，內化環境汙染成本，轉變為“環境經濟人”。同時政府需要實施環境規製，併防止企業髮生尋租行為，從體製政策和市場調節多方麵入手，提高現代企業主動承擔環境社會責任的自覺性，以促進經濟可持續髮展。
중국적배경문제일익엄준，기업응승담주요책임，정시유우오염부외부성사기업의뢰배경자본획득초급수익。문장종기업이리윤최대화위최종목표적각도출발，수선기우가포-도격랍사생산모형，분석료배경자본대기업최고수익적영향，발현가입배경자본적삼중로경의뢰여전통쌍중로경의뢰적자원최우화배치존재차이。기차문장의거오염강도구분행업이질성，운용DEA방법대산업전요소생산솔진행료측산，발현고필료배경자본적록색전요소생산솔보편하강，진일보인증료배경자본대기업발전적액외공헌。연구발현기업적가지속발전필수극복전형적경제이성，내화배경오염성본，전변위“배경경제인”。동시정부수요실시배경규제，병방지기업발생심조행위，종체제정책화시장조절다방면입수，제고현대기업주동승담배경사회책임적자각성，이촉진경제가지속발전。
Environmental problems has occurred seriously in China and enterprises shall bear main responsibility, they gain the super returns relying on environmental capital because of the enterprises' pollution negative externality. This thesis starts from interest maximization, which is the ultimate goal of enterprise, and analyzes the influence of environmental capital on enterprise returns on the basis of the Cobb-Douglas production model. It is found that there are significant differences in the allocation of the product resources when taking the environmental capital into account. Then the paper uses the DEA method to measure the green TFP by distinguishing the industries according to pollution intensity and found that the green TFP taking environmental capital into account declines generally. It further verified the contribution of environmental capital to enterprise development. It can be concluded that the enterprise must overcome the typical economic rationality and internalize external costs to be the "economic man" in the future. At the same time, government environmental regulation is required, and the government should prevent enterprises' rent-seeking behavior. The methods named environmental control and market incentive are necessary to improve enterprise social responsibility consciousness.
