CAJ | 학술논문

为解决玉米秸秆结构致密导致秸秆发酵难于直接降解的问题，首先分别采用0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%的HCl溶液对其进行预处理，以厌氧活性污泥为接种物进行中温（38℃）发酵产氢试验。结果表明，玉米秸秆的累积产氢量和产氢速率随着盐酸质量分数的增大先增加后降低，0.6%HCl处理效果最佳，单位累积产氢量和产氢速率分别为87.90 mL/g和3.05 mL/(g·h)。再以0.6% HCl溶液预处理的玉米秸秆为底物进行发酵产氢的单因素和正交试验，研究了秸秆粒径、底物浓度、初始 pH 值对玉米秸秆厌氧发酵产氢过程的影响。结果表明：玉米秸秆粒径越小越利于发酵产氢；适度增加底物浓度可增加产氢量；适宜的发酵初始pH值有利于产氢细菌的生长繁殖；得到较佳的工艺参数组合为秸秆粒径150μm、底物浓度15 g/L、初始pH值为7，此时累积产氢量为112.87 mL/g。
위해결옥미갈간결구치밀도치갈간발효난우직접강해적문제，수선분별채용0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%적HCl용액대기진행예처리，이염양활성오니위접충물진행중온（38℃）발효산경시험。결과표명，옥미갈간적루적산경량화산경속솔수착염산질량분수적증대선증가후강저，0.6%HCl처리효과최가，단위루적산경량화산경속솔분별위87.90 mL/g화3.05 mL/(g·h)。재이0.6% HCl용액예처리적옥미갈간위저물진행발효산경적단인소화정교시험，연구료갈간립경、저물농도、초시 pH 치대옥미갈간염양발효산경과정적영향。결과표명：옥미갈간립경월소월리우발효산경；괄도증가저물농도가증가산경량；괄의적발효초시pH치유리우산경세균적생장번식；득도교가적공예삼수조합위갈간립경150μm、저물농도15 g/L、초시pH치위7，차시루적산경량위112.87 mL/g。
Energy crisis and environmental pollution make it necessary to find an alternative energy source that is environmentally friendly and renewable. Hydrogen is generally considered as a clean and renewable energy. There are many hydrogen production methods in physical, chemical and biological ways. Hydrogen production from agricultural waste by anaerobic fermentation can not only solve the disposal of agricultural waste, but also obtain clean and efficient energy. This approach achieves the reduction of agricultural waste and resource’s harmless utilization with easy operation and low cost, and it is considered to be one of the best and most promising methods of hydrogen production. In this paper, according to the characteristics of corn straw, i.e., compact structure and being difficult to directly degrade, the effect of pretreatment methods on the hydrogen production from corn straw was studied. In the first place, the corn straw was soaked in hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution of 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% and 0.8% at room temperature for 24 h, and then the hydrogen production experiments were taken under the warm fermentation condition (38℃) and the anaerobic activated sludge was used as the inoculum. The results showed that the cumulative hydrogen production and hydrogen production rate of corn straw increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of HCl concentration; 0.6% HCl pretreatment had the best performance: cumulative hydrogen production per unit was 87.90 mL/g, 155% more than the corn straw without pretreatment, and the hydrogen production rate was 3.05 mL/(g.h). Furthermore, different concentrations of HCl had little effect on the hydrogen concentration of gas produced by corn straw fermentation. Next, in the condition of (38±2)℃, single factor anaerobic fermentation test and orthogonal anaerobic fermentation test were carried out to investigate the effects of straw particle size, substrate concentration and initial pH value on hydrogen production process, using corn straw pretreated with 0.6% HCl as raw material. The results demonstrated that the smaller the corn straw particle size was, the more the amount of generated hydrogen was produced; a modest increase in substrate concentration could increase the hydrogen production; suitable initial pH value of fermentation was in favor of the growth and reproduction of hydrogen- producing bacteria; optimized parameters of the process were considered to be: Corn straw particle size of 150μm, substrate concentration of 15 g/L and initial pH value of 7, and the cumulative hydrogen yield was 112.87 mL/g under the optimized parameters of the process. The main limiting factor for hydrogen production by anaerobic fermentation was corn straw particle size, followed by substrate concentration, and initial pH value of fermentation played less important role in the hydrogen production performance of corn stalk. This paper provided the reference and instruction for hydrogen production with corn straw and other agricultural organic wastes.