CAJ | 학술논문

云顶高度是天气预报、天气监测的重要因子，准确的云顶高度对提高天气分析和数值预报的质量，具有重要的科学意义。立体几何法是公认云顶高度解算精度较高的方法，目前，普遍采用卫星-球心-投影云-真云的平面和球面三角几何关系，以及影像匹配技术解算云顶高度，由于采用了理想椭球体和重投影技术，以及对云移动考虑不足，因此误差较大。本文将数字摄影测量理论与遥感技术相结合，首次将摄影测量共线方程用于云顶高度解算。本文利用ASTER影像，依据相关系数法解求云迹风，并将其引入到摄影测量共线方程中，建立了ASTER影像的云顶高度解算模型，进行了未考虑和考虑风速的云顶高度解算，通过地面点计算，本文解算误差为2个像元（30 m）左右，经与MISR云顶高度产品对比分析，认为该模型解算的考虑风速的云顶高度精度优于MISR解算结果。
운정고도시천기예보、천기감측적중요인자，준학적운정고도대제고천기분석화수치예보적질량，구유중요적과학의의。입체궤하법시공인운정고도해산정도교고적방법，목전，보편채용위성-구심-투영운-진운적평면화구면삼각궤하관계，이급영상필배기술해산운정고도，유우채용료이상타구체화중투영기술，이급대운이동고필불족，인차오차교대。본문장수자섭영측량이론여요감기술상결합，수차장섭영측량공선방정용우운정고도해산。본문이용ASTER영상，의거상관계수법해구운적풍，병장기인입도섭영측량공선방정중，건립료ASTER영상적운정고도해산모형，진행료미고필화고필풍속적운정고도해산，통과지면점계산，본문해산오차위2개상원（30 m）좌우，경여MISR운정고도산품대비분석，인위해모형해산적고필풍속적운정고도정도우우MISR해산결과。
Cloud-top height is an important factor in weather forecasting and monitoring. Accurate cloud-top height has important scientific significance for improving the quality of both weather analyses and numerical weather prediction. The geometric method to calculate cloud-top height using stereo image pair obtained from meteorological satellites has been recognized as providing relatively high precision, and has practical impor-tance. However, this method does not fully consider cloud movement and typically assumes ideal ellipsoids in theory. Thus, the calculated cloud-top height still has a relatively large error in practice. In this study, cloud-movement speed was introduced into the collinearity equation of photogrammetry. We established a model to cal-culate the cloud-top height from the ASTER images (3B and 3N) with digital photogrammetry and remote sens-ing technology. Firstly, we created a stereo pair from ASTER images obtained on 25th September 2012. Then, the cloud-movement speed was calculated through matching cloud points. Finally, the cloud-top heights with and without consideration of wind speed were both calculated. Compared with ground control points, the model error is determined to be within two pixels (about 30 meter). We further compared our results with MISR products, and found that the cloud-top height determined without using wind speed is consistent with the height obtained from MISR, the difference between them is about 300 meters. Our cloud-top height determined with wind speed considered, however is about 1400 meters higher than that of MISR without wind considered. Marchand and Naud had identified in their research that the cloud-top height obtained from MISR is about 1000 meters lower than Lidar observation. This implies that our results with consideration of wind speed are closer to the Lidar ob-servations. Due to the fact that our method for determining cloud-top height is dependent on the cloud moving speed, and the results with wind speed included have led to a good estimation of cloud-top height, we conclude that the wind speed should be included in algorithms for cloud-top height determination.