CAJ | 학술논문

科学基金资助工作中的利益冲突并不一定会产生相应的行为，但是如果处理不当，则会引起多方面的危害。本文从美国国家科学基金会( NSF )雇员利益冲突管理法律法规体系、评议专家利益冲突管理制度、同行评议过程中的利益冲突规避、利益冲突管理机构和人员设置、监督制度、利益冲突管理培训和宣讲几个方面，深入剖析了NSF利益冲突管理体制及其规律，指出NSF利益冲突管理具有法制化、全面化、注重监督和制衡等特点。借鉴NSF的相关经验和做法，提出推进我国科技管理部门利益冲突管理的政策建议，包括逐步完善利益冲突管理法律法规和制度体系、加强同行评议全过程的利益冲突管理、建立健全监督和评估体系、开展道德规范宣传和利益冲突培训。
과학기금자조공작중적이익충돌병불일정회산생상응적행위，단시여과처리불당，칙회인기다방면적위해。본문종미국국가과학기금회( NSF )고원이익충돌관리법율법규체계、평의전가이익충돌관리제도、동행평의과정중적이익충돌규피、이익충돌관리궤구화인원설치、감독제도、이익충돌관리배훈화선강궤개방면，심입부석료NSF이익충돌관리체제급기규률，지출NSF이익충돌관리구유법제화、전면화、주중감독화제형등특점。차감NSF적상관경험화주법，제출추진아국과기관리부문이익충돌관리적정책건의，포괄축보완선이익충돌관리법율법규화제도체계、가강동행평의전과정적이익충돌관리、건립건전감독화평고체계、개전도덕규범선전화이익충돌배훈。
Conflicts of interests ( COI ) in science funding work may result in inappropriate behaviors if not han-dled properly, but they are not inevitable. This article relates to the management system of American National Science Foundation ( NSF ) , including conflict-of-inter-ests laws and regulations for NSF employees and review-ers, methods of avoiding conflicts during the process of peer review, relevant agencies and personnel settings, supervision systems, and some training programs for COI. After analyzing the NSF official documents, we found that NSF had put much emphasis on legalization, comprehensiveness, supervision and checks and bal-ances on the contents of COI management rules and sys-tems. Considering the experience and practices in NSF, we put forward policy suggestions, including gradually improving the levels of comprehensiveness of COI insti-tutions, strengthening the management of conflicts dur-ing the peer review process, establishing and perfecting the supervision and evaluation system, and conducting propaganda and training programs of ethics, to promote our country’s science and technology management departments’ abilities of managing COI.