CAJ | 학술논문

本研究旨在通过研究饲粮铜添加水平对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官发育、抗氧化性能、肝脏和血清铜含量等的影响,以探讨1~21日龄黄羽肉鸡铜的营养需要量。选用1日龄健康、发育良好的快大型岭南黄羽肉公雏鸡1440只,根据体重随机分为6个组,每组6个重复,每个重复40只鸡,组1(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮(2.80 mg/kg铜),组2、3、4、5、6饲粮在基础饲粮中分别添加4、8、16、32、64 mg/kg铜。试验期21 d。结果表明：本试验条件下,1)饲粮添加4和64 mg/kg铜显著提高试鸡平均日采食量( P<0.05),饲粮中铜添加水平对末重、平均日增重和料重比无显著影响( P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,8 mg/kg组法氏囊指数显著升高( P<0.05),而饲粮铜添加水平对胸腺和脾脏指数无显著影响( P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,8、16、32和64 mg/kg组血清和肝脏铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(CuZnSOD)活性显著升高(P<0.05),各组间血清和肝脏丙二醛含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)；添加16、32、64 mg/kg铜显著降低血清铜蓝蛋白活性(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,16、32和64 mg/kg组血清铜含量显著降低(P<0.05),铜添加水平对肝脏铜含量和肝脏金属硫蛋白含量影响不显著( P>0.05)。综合考虑各项指标,为获得较好生长性能和免疫器官发育、抗氧化性能,1~21日龄快大型黄羽肉鸡饲粮铜适宜添加水平为8 mg/kg,加上基础饲粮铜含量2.80 mg/kg,则该阶段黄羽肉鸡铜需要量为10.80 mg/kg；以血清CuZnSOD活性为依据,通过非线性回归分析估测得到1~21日龄黄羽肉鸡铜需要量为13.38 mg/kg。
본연구지재통과연구사량동첨가수평대황우육계생장성능、면역기관발육、항양화성능、간장화혈청동함량등적영향,이탐토1~21일령황우육계동적영양수요량。선용1일령건강、발육량호적쾌대형령남황우육공추계1440지,근거체중수궤분위6개조,매조6개중복,매개중복40지계,조1(대조조)사위기출사량(2.80 mg/kg동),조2、3、4、5、6사량재기출사량중분별첨가4、8、16、32、64 mg/kg동。시험기21 d。결과표명：본시험조건하,1)사량첨가4화64 mg/kg동현저제고시계평균일채식량( P<0.05),사량중동첨가수평대말중、평균일증중화료중비무현저영향( P>0.05)。2)여대조조상비,8 mg/kg조법씨낭지수현저승고( P<0.05),이사량동첨가수평대흉선화비장지수무현저영향( P>0.05)。3)여대조조상비,8、16、32화64 mg/kg조혈청화간장동자초양화물기화매(CuZnSOD)활성현저승고(P<0.05),각조간혈청화간장병이철함량균무현저차이(P>0.05)；첨가16、32、64 mg/kg동현저강저혈청동람단백활성(P<0.05)。4)여대조조상비,16、32화64 mg/kg조혈청동함량현저강저(P<0.05),동첨가수평대간장동함량화간장금속류단백함량영향불현저( P>0.05)。종합고필각항지표,위획득교호생장성능화면역기관발육、항양화성능,1~21일령쾌대형황우육계사량동괄의첨가수평위8 mg/kg,가상기출사량동함량2.80 mg/kg,칙해계단황우육계동수요량위10.80 mg/kg；이혈청CuZnSOD활성위의거,통과비선성회귀분석고측득도1~21일령황우육계동수요량위13.38 mg/kg。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary copper supplemental level on growth performance, immune organ development, antioxidative property, copper content in serum and liver of yellow-feathered broilers etc. , then to estimate the dietary copper requirement of yellow-feathered broilers aged from 1 to 21 days. A total of 1 440 twenty-two days old healthy, well-developmental, fast large male Lingnan yellow-feathered broilers were randomly assigned to six groups. Each group consisted of six replicates with 40 birds per replicate. Diets of these groups included the purified basal diet supplemented with different levels of copper to ensure dietary copper levels up to 2.80 ( control) , 6.80, 10.80, 18.80, 34.80, 66.80 mg/kg, re-spectively. The contents of other nutrients in diets were consistent. The experiment lasted for 21 days. Results showed as follows: under the experiment condition, 1 ) the average daily feed intake of broilers in 4, 64 mg/kg groups were significantly higher than those in the other groups ( P<0.05) , but there were no signifi-cant differences in the final weight, average daily gain, ratio of feed to gain among all groups ( P>0.05) . 2) Compared with the control group, diet supplemented with 8 mg/kg copper significantly improved index of bur-sa of Fabricius ( P<0.05) , but copper supplemental level did not significantly affect the spleen and thymus in-dexes ( P>0.05) . 3) The CuZn-superoxide dismutase ( CuZnSOD) activity in serum and liver in 8, 16, 32 and 64 mg/kg groups was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P<0.05) . Dietary copper supple-mental level did not significantly affect the content of malondialdehyde in serum and liver of broilers ( P>0.05) . Diet supplemented with 16, 32 and 64 mg/kg copper significantly decreased the ceruloplasmin activity in serum ( P<0.05) . 4) Compared with the control group, diet supplemented with 16, 32 and 64 mg/kg cop-per significantly decreased the copper content in serum ( P<0.05) . But copper supplemental level had no sig-nificant effects on the contents of copper and metallothionein in liver (P>0.05). In conclusion, base on the growth performance, immune organ development and antioxidative property, the fitting dietary supplemental copper level of yellow-feathered broilers aged from 1 to 21 days is 8 mg/kg, base of 2.80 mg/kg of the copper content in the basal diet, copper requirement of yellow-feathered broilers at this phase is 10.80 mg/kg. Base on the estimated result by nonlinear regression analysis, the copper requirement of yellow-feather broilers aged from 1 to 21 days is 13.38 mg/kg.