CAJ | 학술논문

氨基酸不仅是蛋白质和其他含氮化合物合成的重要前体，还参与体内主要代谢途径的调控。当氨基酸不足时，机体内多种机制参与调节体内平衡，包括快速停止蛋白质合成、增加氨基酸合成和转运，以及加强自噬作用。越来越多的学者证明氨基酸可作为信号分子参与细胞内信号传导过程，可以调节其他营养素如脂肪和能量的代谢，最终导致机体整体代谢的改变。本文主要综述细胞内氨基酸的营养感知与应答机制，涉及氨基酸应答( AAR)和雷帕霉素靶蛋白( TOR)2条信号转导通路，并探讨这2条信号通路对下游营养素代谢途径的调节。
안기산불부시단백질화기타함담화합물합성적중요전체，환삼여체내주요대사도경적조공。당안기산불족시，궤체내다충궤제삼여조절체내평형，포괄쾌속정지단백질합성、증가안기산합성화전운，이급가강자서작용。월래월다적학자증명안기산가작위신호분자삼여세포내신호전도과정，가이조절기타영양소여지방화능량적대사，최종도치궤체정체대사적개변。본문주요종술세포내안기산적영양감지여응답궤제，섭급안기산응답( AAR)화뢰파매소파단백( TOR)2조신호전도통로，병탐토저2조신호통로대하유영양소대사도경적조절。
Amino acids, considered as the important building blocks for the synthesis of protein and other nitro-gen compounds, have recently shown to act as modulators of intracellular signal transduction pathways. To a-dapt to intracellular amino acid deprivation, multiple adaptive mechanisms have evolved, including a quick ces-sation of new protein synthesis, an increase in amino acid transport and biosynthesis, and autophagy. Evidence has accumulated that amino acids also function as signal molecule which profound effects on regulation of cell signaling and gene expression. Metabolic adaptation including lipid and energy metabolism is required to cope with episodes of protein or amino acids available leading to overall metabolic changes in multicellutar organ-isms. Here, the current knowledge about the mechanisms of intracellular amino acid sensing and response, in-volving in the amino acid response ( AAR) pathway and the target of rapamycin ( TOR) signaling pathway, and how these two pathways regulate downstream nutrients metabolism were reviewed.