CAJ | 학술논문

为探索不同生育期不同程度水分胁迫下糜子籽粒灌浆特性及产量形成特点，以榆糜2号为材料，采用盆栽试验，利用Richards方程对不同处理强、弱势粒的灌浆过程进行比较，进而分析研究了拔节期、孕穗期和开花成熟期中度（占田间最大持水量的40％～45％）、重度水分胁迫（占田间最大持水量的20％～25％）对糜子强、弱势粒灌浆特性与抽穗后物质积累和转运及产量形成的影响。结果表明：与对照（全生育期充足供水，占田间最大持水量的70％～75％）相比，重度水分胁迫下，籽粒的起始生长势 R0降低，最大灌浆速率出现的时间 Tmax延迟，灌浆后期时间缩短，灌浆中期和后期的贡献率下降，茎鞘向穗部的物质转运率降低，进而影响结实率和产量，其中孕穗期重度水分胁迫的穗粒数和穗粒质量比对照分别降低了44．62％和38．19％，是降幅最大的；中度水分胁迫加快了糜子灌浆进程，促进了糜子叶片和茎鞘向穗部的物质转运率，提高了结实率和籽粒充实度，提高了糜子产量，其中拔节期中度水分胁迫是增加幅度最大的，其穗粒数、结实率、千粒质量和穗粒质量比对照分别增加了24．17％、17．92％、7．19％、41．14％。因此，在适度水分胁迫下，协调并提高糜子籽粒的灌浆起始生长势和前期、中期的灌浆速率以及茎鞘向穗的物质转运率，对于保证和提高糜子产量有重要意义。
위탐색불동생육기불동정도수분협박하미자자립관장특성급산량형성특점，이유미2호위재료，채용분재시험，이용Richards방정대불동처리강、약세립적관장과정진행비교，진이분석연구료발절기、잉수기화개화성숙기중도（점전간최대지수량적40％～45％）、중도수분협박（점전간최대지수량적20％～25％）대미자강、약세립관장특성여추수후물질적루화전운급산량형성적영향。결과표명：여대조（전생육기충족공수，점전간최대지수량적70％～75％）상비，중도수분협박하，자립적기시생장세 R0강저，최대관장속솔출현적시간 Tmax연지，관장후기시간축단，관장중기화후기적공헌솔하강，경초향수부적물질전운솔강저，진이영향결실솔화산량，기중잉수기중도수분협박적수립수화수립질량비대조분별강저료44．62％화38．19％，시강폭최대적；중도수분협박가쾌료미자관장진정，촉진료미자협편화경초향수부적물질전운솔，제고료결실솔화자립충실도，제고료미자산량，기중발절기중도수분협박시증가폭도최대적，기수립수、결실솔、천립질량화수립질량비대조분별증가료24．17％、17．92％、7．19％、41．14％。인차，재괄도수분협박하，협조병제고미자자립적관장기시생장세화전기、중기적관장속솔이급경초향수적물질전운솔，대우보증화제고미자산량유중요의의。
To evaluate characteristics of grain filling and yield in broomcorn millet resulting from effects of water stress at different developmental stages ,Yumi 2 was employed as the experimental material for a pot trial .At the time of jointing ,booting ,and flowering and mature stages under water stress at two levels (moderate:40% ~45% of field ca-pacity ,severe:20% ~25% of field capacity ) ,the grain filling processes of superior and inferior grains were studied us-ing Richards equation . Also , the relationships between grain filling characteristics , and dry matter accumulation and translocation after heading ,and yield ,were analyzed .Compared with the control ,severe water stress decreased initial grain-filling potential ,delayed the time reaching the maximum grain-filling rate ,shortened grain filling time ,reduced grain filling contribution rate of middle and later stages ,and decreased matter translocation percentage from stems and sheaths to spikes ,influencing seed-setting rate and the yield .In addition ,the kernels per spike and kernel weight per ear under severe water stress at booting stage were reduced by 44 .62% and 38 .19% ,respectively ,which represented the maximal decreased levels with the treatments .Moderate water stress promoted the grain filling process ,improved the matter translocation percentage from stems and sheaths to spikes ,increased seed-setting rate and grain plumpness ,and enhanced the yield .The yield reached its highest level under moderate water stress at shooting stage ,with increases of 24 .17% ,17 .92% ,7 .19% and 41 .14% in kernels per spike ,seed-setting rate ,1000 grain weight and kernel weight per ear ,respectively .Therefore ,proper water stress may improve the initial grain-filling potential ,the grain filling rates at early and middle stages ,and matter translocation percentage from the stems and sheaths to spikes ,providing an plausi-ble approach to the enhancement of the yield in broomcorn millet .