干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2015年
1期
159-164
,共6页
谭凯敏%杨长刚%柴守玺%常磊%程宏波%黄彩霞%王燕培
譚凱敏%楊長剛%柴守璽%常磊%程宏波%黃綵霞%王燕培
담개민%양장강%시수새%상뢰%정굉파%황채하%왕연배
秸秆还田%覆膜%镇压%旱地%冬小麦%土壤温度%产量
秸稈還田%覆膜%鎮壓%旱地%鼕小麥%土壤溫度%產量
갈간환전%복막%진압%한지%동소맥%토양온도%산량
straw returning%mulching film%rolling%dryland%winter wheat%soil temperature%grain yield
在黄土高原雨养条件下,研究了玉米秸秆还田+全膜覆土穴播+播前镇压(T1),玉米秸秆还田+不覆膜+播前镇压(T2),玉米秸秆还田+不覆膜+播前不镇压(T3),小麦秸秆还田+全膜覆土+播前镇压(T4),小麦秸秆还田+不覆膜+播前镇压(T5),小麦秸秆还田+不覆膜+播前不镇压(T6),露地穴播(CK )对冬小麦土壤温度和产量的影响。结果表明:各处理全生育期0~25 cm土层均温依次为T4(15.26℃)>T1(14.94℃)>T5(14.80℃)>CK(14.66℃)>T3(14.64℃)>T2(14.57℃)>T6(14.47℃);还田方式间比较,秸秆还田+全膜覆土穴播+播前镇压、秸秆还田+不覆膜+播前镇压处理在整个生育期表现为增温效应,秸秆还田+不覆膜+播前不镇压表现为降温效应;小麦秸秆还田增温效果大于玉米秸秆还田;各还田处理均表现为增产效应,平均较CK增产69.36%、27.94%、19.38%、45.12%、13.30%、9.79%。
在黃土高原雨養條件下,研究瞭玉米秸稈還田+全膜覆土穴播+播前鎮壓(T1),玉米秸稈還田+不覆膜+播前鎮壓(T2),玉米秸稈還田+不覆膜+播前不鎮壓(T3),小麥秸稈還田+全膜覆土+播前鎮壓(T4),小麥秸稈還田+不覆膜+播前鎮壓(T5),小麥秸稈還田+不覆膜+播前不鎮壓(T6),露地穴播(CK )對鼕小麥土壤溫度和產量的影響。結果錶明:各處理全生育期0~25 cm土層均溫依次為T4(15.26℃)>T1(14.94℃)>T5(14.80℃)>CK(14.66℃)>T3(14.64℃)>T2(14.57℃)>T6(14.47℃);還田方式間比較,秸稈還田+全膜覆土穴播+播前鎮壓、秸稈還田+不覆膜+播前鎮壓處理在整箇生育期錶現為增溫效應,秸稈還田+不覆膜+播前不鎮壓錶現為降溫效應;小麥秸稈還田增溫效果大于玉米秸稈還田;各還田處理均錶現為增產效應,平均較CK增產69.36%、27.94%、19.38%、45.12%、13.30%、9.79%。
재황토고원우양조건하,연구료옥미갈간환전+전막복토혈파+파전진압(T1),옥미갈간환전+불복막+파전진압(T2),옥미갈간환전+불복막+파전불진압(T3),소맥갈간환전+전막복토+파전진압(T4),소맥갈간환전+불복막+파전진압(T5),소맥갈간환전+불복막+파전불진압(T6),로지혈파(CK )대동소맥토양온도화산량적영향。결과표명:각처리전생육기0~25 cm토층균온의차위T4(15.26℃)>T1(14.94℃)>T5(14.80℃)>CK(14.66℃)>T3(14.64℃)>T2(14.57℃)>T6(14.47℃);환전방식간비교,갈간환전+전막복토혈파+파전진압、갈간환전+불복막+파전진압처리재정개생육기표현위증온효응,갈간환전+불복막+파전불진압표현위강온효응;소맥갈간환전증온효과대우옥미갈간환전;각환전처리균표현위증산효응,평균교CK증산69.36%、27.94%、19.38%、45.12%、13.30%、9.79%。
The study were conducted investigate the effect of mulching film after straw returning on soil temperature and grain yield under rainfed condition in Loess Plateau of northwestern China .Seven treatments were conducted:maize straw returning + whole mulching film + rolling pre-sowing (T1 ) ,maize straw returning + rolling pre-sowing (T2 ) , maize straw returning (T3 ) ,wheat straw returning + whole mulching film + rolling pre-sowing (T4 ) ,wheat straw re-turning + rolling pre-sowing (T5 ) ,wheat straw returning (T6 ) and open field dibble (CK ) .The average temperature at soil layer of 0~25 cm during whole growth period were in the order of T4 (15 .26℃)>T1 (14 .94℃)>T5 (14 .80℃)>CK (14 .66℃)>T3 (14 .64℃)>T2 (14 .57℃)>T6 (14 .47℃) .The temperature increased in treatments of straw re-turning + whole mulching film + rolling pre-sowing and straw returning + rolling pre-sowing ,while temperature de-creased in straw returning treatment .The warming effect of wheat straw returning was higher than that of the maize straw returning .Significant increase in grain yield existed among the six treatments ,being 69 .36% ,27 .94% ,19 .38% , 45 .12% ,13 .30% and 9 .79% higher than that of CK ,respectively .