CAJ | 학술논문

应用能值分析的基本理论和方法，探讨了传统耕作（T）、免耕（NT）、传统耕作＋秸秆还田（TS）、免耕＋秸秆覆盖（NTS ）、传统耕作＋地膜覆盖（TP ）、免耕＋地膜覆盖（NTP ）等不同耕作模式下小麦和豌豆的投入产出能值，测算了其净能值产出率、能值投入率、宏观经济价值。结果表明：同一耕作方式下，种植小麦能值投入大于豌豆，豌豆能值产出是小麦的5倍以上，且豌豆宏观经济价值远远大于小麦；不同耕作方式下，两种作物净能值产出率均为免耕处理大于相应的耕作处理；由于传统耕作的三种模式人工和机械费用的投入远高于免耕三种模式，使得耕作处理下能值总投入大于相应的免耕处理；免耕＋秸秆覆盖处理下，小麦和豌豆净能值产出率和宏观经济价值均达到最大，分别达到了0．64、3．93和9．26、53．1。说明免耕＋秸秆覆盖不仅能够实现节约投入，而且可以增产增收，能够达到生态经济效益的最优。
응용능치분석적기본이론화방법，탐토료전통경작（T）、면경（NT）、전통경작＋갈간환전（TS）、면경＋갈간복개（NTS ）、전통경작＋지막복개（TP ）、면경＋지막복개（NTP ）등불동경작모식하소맥화완두적투입산출능치，측산료기정능치산출솔、능치투입솔、굉관경제개치。결과표명：동일경작방식하，충식소맥능치투입대우완두，완두능치산출시소맥적5배이상，차완두굉관경제개치원원대우소맥；불동경작방식하，량충작물정능치산출솔균위면경처리대우상응적경작처리；유우전통경작적삼충모식인공화궤계비용적투입원고우면경삼충모식，사득경작처리하능치총투입대우상응적면경처리；면경＋갈간복개처리하，소맥화완두정능치산출솔화굉관경제개치균체도최대，분별체도료0．64、3．93화9．26、53．1。설명면경＋갈간복개불부능구실현절약투입，이차가이증산증수，능구체도생태경제효익적최우。
Upon the implementation of multiple cultivation practices on wheat and field pea including traditional farming (T ) ,no-till (NT ) and conventional tillage with straw returned (TS ) ,no-till with straw cover (NTS ) ,conven-tional tillage mulching film (TP) ,and no-till with plastic film mulching (NTP) ,emergy theory and method were used to analyze the input and output values of emergy ,the net emergy output ratio ,the emergy investment ration ,and the macro economic values .The results showed that under the same farming and planting practice ,the emergy input of wheat was more than that of pea ,whereas the emergy output of peawas five times greater than that of the wheat and the macroeco-nomic value from pea was far bigger than wheat .In addition ,under different farming methods ,it was found thatthe nete-mergy output ratios with no-till treatment were greater in both wheat and pea than those with the cultivation treatment . Because the input costs of the human labors and machinery services using three modes of traditional farming was far higher than those using three modes of no-till cultivation ,the total emergy input with cultivation was therefore greater than that without .It was further uncovered that under no-till farming with straw mulching treatment ,the net emergy outputs and the macroeconomic values of wheat and pea reached their maximums ,0 .64 ,3 .93 ,9 .26 ,and 53 .1 respectively .The above results indicated that theno-till farming with straw mulching treatment could not only minimize the input costs ,but also increase production ,achieving the optimal ecological economic benefits .