CAJ | 학술논문

在云南省曲靖地区的低肥力和中高肥力试验地分别开展旱作马铃薯的田间小区试验，研究磷钾施用量对马铃薯生物量、养分利用、产量和经济效益的影响。结果表明：相同施肥量的条件下，中高肥力试验地的东山组马铃薯产量远高于低肥力的越州组，产量相差10305．00～20140．20 kg·hm－2；越州组NP2K3（N ，150 kg·hm－2；P2O5，90 kg·hm－2；K2O ，405 kg·hm－2）处理产量产值最高，NP2K1（N ，150 kg·hm－2；P2O5，90 kg·hm－2；K2O ，135 kg·hm－2）处理净收益最高；东山组NP2K2（N ，150 kg·hm－2；P2O5，90 kg·hm－2；K2O ，270 kg·hm－2）处理产量、产值及净收益均是最高；两组试验的马铃薯干重变化趋势相似，NP2K2处理的干重积累量较多，无钾无磷处理干重积累少；马铃薯体内累积K最多，其次为N ，最后为P ，NPK养分吸收积累的高峰期在马铃薯块茎膨大期到淀粉积累期；东山组的马铃薯PK利用效率明显高于越州组。NP1K2（N ，150 kg·hm－2；P2O5，45 kg·hm－2；K2O ，270 kg·hm－2）处理的P肥利用率和P素农学效率较高，P肥利用率和P素农学效率都有随施P量增加而降低的趋势。NP2K1处理的K肥利用率和K素农学效率最高，K肥利用率和K素农学效率均有随施K量增加而降低的趋势。
재운남성곡정지구적저비력화중고비력시험지분별개전한작마령서적전간소구시험，연구린갑시용량대마령서생물량、양분이용、산량화경제효익적영향。결과표명：상동시비량적조건하，중고비력시험지적동산조마령서산량원고우저비력적월주조，산량상차10305．00～20140．20 kg·hm－2；월주조NP2K3（N ，150 kg·hm－2；P2O5，90 kg·hm－2；K2O ，405 kg·hm－2）처리산양산치최고，NP2K1（N ，150 kg·hm－2；P2O5，90 kg·hm－2；K2O ，135 kg·hm－2）처리정수익최고；동산조NP2K2（N ，150 kg·hm－2；P2O5，90 kg·hm－2；K2O ，270 kg·hm－2）처리산량、산치급정수익균시최고；량조시험적마령서간중변화추세상사，NP2K2처리적간중적루량교다，무갑무린처리간중적루소；마령서체내루적K최다，기차위N ，최후위P ，NPK양분흡수적루적고봉기재마령서괴경팽대기도정분적루기；동산조적마령서PK이용효솔명현고우월주조。NP1K2（N ，150 kg·hm－2；P2O5，45 kg·hm－2；K2O ，270 kg·hm－2）처리적P비이용솔화P소농학효솔교고，P비이용솔화P소농학효솔도유수시P량증가이강저적추세。NP2K1처리적K비이용솔화K소농학효솔최고，K비이용솔화K소농학효솔균유수시K량증가이강저적추세。
The field experiments have been set up on low and middle-high fertility farmland in Yunnan Qujing ,with the aims of investigating the effects of phosphorus ,potassium levels on biomass ,yield and fertilizer utilization rate of up-land potato .The results indicated that the yield of potato for middle-high fertility land in Dongshan was higher than that for low fertility land in Yuezhou ,being 10 305 .00~20 140 .20 kg·hm-2 when the same fertilizer rate was applied .In Yuezhou ,yield with NP2K3(N ,150 kg·hm-2 ;P2O5 ,90 kg·hm-2 ;K2O ,405 kg·hm-2 ) treatment and income with NP2K1(N ,150 kg·hm-2 ;P2O5 ,90 kg·hm-2 ;K2O ,135 kg·hm-2 ) treatment are the highest .In Dongshan ,yield and income with NP2K2(N ,150 kg·hm-2 ;P2O5 ,90 kg·hm-2 ;K2O ,270 kg·hm-2 ) treatment are the highest .The change trends of potato dry biomass for both field experiments were similar .Potato dry biomass with NP2K2 treatment was higher than the others ,and without P or K treatment was lower than the others .The amount of K accumulation was the highest in potato ,followed by N and P .The high rate of NPK accumulation of potato occurred from tuber growth period to starch accumulation period .PK efficiency of potato in Dongshan was considerably higher than that in Yuezhou .P utilization rate and agronomic P efficiency of potato with NP1K2(N ,150 kg·hm-2 ;P2O5 ,45 kg·hm-2 ;K2O ,270 kg·hm-2 ) were higher than those of other treatments .P utilization rate and agronomic P efficiency of potato decreased with increasing of P application .K utilization rate and agronomic K efficiency of potato with NP2K1 were higher than those of other treat-ments .Kutilization rate and agronomic K efficiency of potato decreased with increasing of K application .