心理与行为研究
心理與行為研究
심리여행위연구
STUDIES OF PSYCHOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR
2015年
1期
13-17,30
,共6页
负性情绪%外显记忆测验%内隐记忆测验%定向遗忘效应
負性情緒%外顯記憶測驗%內隱記憶測驗%定嚮遺忘效應
부성정서%외현기억측험%내은기억측험%정향유망효응
negative emotion%implicit memory test%explicit memory test%directed forgetting effect
以两类具有不同负性情绪强度值的高频汉语双字词为材料，采用项目法定向遗忘范式，探究负性情绪词语在外显和内隐记忆测验中是否存在定向遗忘效应。结果显示，（1）在外显记忆测验中，强、弱负性词均出现了显著的定向遗忘并且弱负性词的定向遗忘效应大于强负性词；（2）在内隐记忆测验中，只有弱负性词出现了显著的定向遗忘，而强负性词则无。可见，内隐记忆测验中的定向遗忘效应对负性信息比外显记忆测验更加敏感。
以兩類具有不同負性情緒彊度值的高頻漢語雙字詞為材料，採用項目法定嚮遺忘範式，探究負性情緒詞語在外顯和內隱記憶測驗中是否存在定嚮遺忘效應。結果顯示，（1）在外顯記憶測驗中，彊、弱負性詞均齣現瞭顯著的定嚮遺忘併且弱負性詞的定嚮遺忘效應大于彊負性詞；（2）在內隱記憶測驗中，隻有弱負性詞齣現瞭顯著的定嚮遺忘，而彊負性詞則無。可見，內隱記憶測驗中的定嚮遺忘效應對負性信息比外顯記憶測驗更加敏感。
이량류구유불동부성정서강도치적고빈한어쌍자사위재료，채용항목법정향유망범식，탐구부성정서사어재외현화내은기억측험중시부존재정향유망효응。결과현시，（1）재외현기억측험중，강、약부성사균출현료현저적정향유망병차약부성사적정향유망효응대우강부성사；（2）재내은기억측험중，지유약부성사출현료현저적정향유망，이강부성사칙무。가견，내은기억측험중적정향유망효응대부성신식비외현기억측험경가민감。
The experiment examined the directed forgetting effect of negative memories in explicit and implicit test by means of word method. We used two kinds of negative emotional words, negative ones and more negative ones, as materials. The results showed: 1) In the explicit memory tests, there was significant directed forgetting effect. And, the directed forgetting effect appeared in the negative emotional words was greater than that in the more negative ones. 2) In the implicit memory tests, there was also significant directed forgetting effect observed, but only in the negative emotional words. Accordingly, implicit memory test was more sensitive to the valence of the negative words than the explicit memory test.
