CAJ | 학술논문

鸡性连锁矮小基因（sex-linked dwarf gene，dw基因）纯合显性时可降低饲料消耗。试验选用A系黄羽肉鸡作为父本，含有dw基因的两系杂交黄羽肉鸡DYJ作为母本，开展三元杂交试验，并以快速型黄羽肉鸡（CON）为对照，评价dw基因用于黄羽肉鸡生产的杂交效果。试验组ADYJ和对照组CON各300只雏鸡同一日龄进舍，在相同饲养管理条件下饲养至7周龄出栏，饲养期间记录各周龄体重和饲料转化效率，出栏后全群称重并随机抽取两组公、母鸡各15只进行屠宰性能测定，并评价dw基因用于黄羽肉鸡杂交的经济效益。结果显示，CON组7周龄体重为1623.3 g，试验组ADYJ为1690.4 g，虽高于CON组，但差异不显著（P>0.05）。CON组7周龄料肉比为2.31，试验组ADYJ组为2.26，低于CON组。屠宰性能比较发现，ADYJ公、母鸡胸肌率分别为23.4%和24.2%，均极显著高于CON组公、母鸡的胸肌率（17.1%和18.3%，P<0.01）；ADYJ公、母鸡半净膛率分别为77.6%和77.0%，均显著高于对照组（76.3%和74.9%，P<0.05）；ADYJ公、母鸡屠宰率分别为87.4%和87.6%，均显著高于CON组（86.4%和86.0%，P<0.05）；对照组与试验组公、母鸡的腹脂率与腿肌率差异均不显著。经济成本核算结果显示， ADYJ为9.65元/只，较CON组低0.33元/只。由此可见，dw基因用于黄羽肉鸡品系杂交可显著提高黄羽肉鸡的生产效益。
계성련쇄왜소기인（sex-linked dwarf gene，dw기인）순합현성시가강저사료소모。시험선용A계황우육계작위부본，함유dw기인적량계잡교황우육계DYJ작위모본，개전삼원잡교시험，병이쾌속형황우육계（CON）위대조，평개dw기인용우황우육계생산적잡교효과。시험조ADYJ화대조조CON각300지추계동일일령진사，재상동사양관리조건하사양지7주령출란，사양기간기록각주령체중화사료전화효솔，출란후전군칭중병수궤추취량조공、모계각15지진행도재성능측정，병평개dw기인용우황우육계잡교적경제효익。결과현시，CON조7주령체중위1623.3 g，시험조ADYJ위1690.4 g，수고우CON조，단차이불현저（P>0.05）。CON조7주령료육비위2.31，시험조ADYJ조위2.26，저우CON조。도재성능비교발현，ADYJ공、모계흉기솔분별위23.4%화24.2%，균겁현저고우CON조공、모계적흉기솔（17.1%화18.3%，P<0.01）；ADYJ공、모계반정당솔분별위77.6%화77.0%，균현저고우대조조（76.3%화74.9%，P<0.05）；ADYJ공、모계도재솔분별위87.4%화87.6%，균현저고우CON조（86.4%화86.0%，P<0.05）；대조조여시험조공、모계적복지솔여퇴기솔차이균불현저。경제성본핵산결과현시， ADYJ위9.65원/지，교CON조저0.33원/지。유차가견，dw기인용우황우육계품계잡교가현저제고황우육계적생산효익。
Sex-linked dwarf gene (dw gene) of chicken can reduce feed consumption when it is dominant and promote growth when it is recessive. In order to evaluate the hybrid effect of yellow-feathered broiler with dw gene, the hybrid experiment was carried out in this study. The A line yellow-feathered broilers were chosen as male parent, two-line hybrid yellow-feathered broilers with dw gene of DYJ were chosen as female parent and the CON were served as the control group. Three hundred ADYJ chicks and three hundred CON chicks with the same age were raised to 7 weeks under the same feeding condition and management before slaughter. During the breeding period,the weight and feed conversion ratio for both of the groups were recorded every week. In order to evaluate the economic benefit of hybrid effect of yellow-feathered broilers with dw gene, the body weight of all the experimental chickens were determined after 7 weeks, meanwhile, 15 male and 15 female chickens were randomly selected from each of the groups and their slaughter performance were determined. The results showed that while the 7 weeks average weight of the ADYJ group (1 690.4 g) was higher than that of CON group (1 623.3 g), no significant difference was observed between them. The 7 weeks feed conversion ratio of ADYJ group was 2.26 and was lower than that of CON group (2.31). The breast muscle ratio of rooster and hen of ADYJ group were 23.4%and 24.2%respectively and both of them were significantly higher than those of CON group respectively (P<0.01). The semi-eviscerated weights of rooster and hen of ADYJ group were 77.6%and 77.0%respectively and both of them were significantly higher than those of CON group respectively (P<0.05). The slaughter rate of rooster and hen of ADYJ group were 87.4%and 87.6%respectively and both of them were significantly higher than those of CON group respectively(P<0.05). No significant differences were observed between the percentage of abdominal fat and leg muscle rate of rooster and hen of the two groups respectively. The economic cost accounting results showed that the culturing cost for each chick of ADYJ group was 9.65 Yuan and was 0.33 Yuan less than that of the CON group. It was indicated that yellow-feathered broilers hybrid with dw gene could significantly increase the production efficiency.