CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨神经内科患者发生感染的情况及其与病房环境的细菌分布情况的相关性，为神经内科医院获得性感染预防及控制提供一定的理论基础。方法选取2008年8月至2012年8月就诊于本院神经内科并发院内感染的患者共100例，分析并发感染的病原学特征与其所居住病房环境主要细菌分布的相关性。结果100例神经内科患者主要为呼吸道感染者，共42例（42.0%），其次为泌尿道感染、胃肠道感染、皮肤与黏膜和颅内等部位感染；神经内科病房环境监测结果发现病原菌共1500株，主要由革兰阳性球菌及革兰阳性杆菌构成（分别占65.87%和16.13%），主要为藤黄微球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、黑色枯草芽孢杆菌和溶血葡萄球菌等；革兰阴性杆菌及格兰阴性球菌占少部分。神经内科感染者的主要病原体为革兰阴性杆菌及革兰阳性球菌（分别占59.41%和28.71%），其中主要为肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌等较多见。结论神经内科患者发生感染的病原菌情况与病房环境细菌相对一致，故洁净的病房环境对于预防及控制医院获得性感染具有重要的作用。
목적：탐토신경내과환자발생감염적정황급기여병방배경적세균분포정황적상관성，위신경내과의원획득성감염예방급공제제공일정적이론기출。방법선취2008년8월지2012년8월취진우본원신경내과병발원내감염적환자공100례，분석병발감염적병원학특정여기소거주병방배경주요세균분포적상관성。결과100례신경내과환자주요위호흡도감염자，공42례（42.0%），기차위비뇨도감염、위장도감염、피부여점막화로내등부위감염；신경내과병방배경감측결과발현병원균공1500주，주요유혁란양성구균급혁란양성간균구성（분별점65.87%화16.13%），주요위등황미구균、표피포도구균、흑색고초아포간균화용혈포도구균등；혁란음성간균급격란음성구균점소부분。신경내과감염자적주요병원체위혁란음성간균급혁란양성구균（분별점59.41%화28.71%），기중주요위폐염극뢰백균、금황색포도구균화동록가단포균등교다견。결론신경내과환자발생감염적병원균정황여병방배경세균상대일치，고길정적병방배경대우예방급공제의원획득성감염구유중요적작용。
Objective To analyze the conditions of bacterial infection in neurological division and the ward environment, to provide a theoretical basis for the neurology hospital-acquired infection prevention and control. Methods Total of 100 neurology patients with concurrent infections were selected from August 2008 to August 2012 in our hospital. The characteristics of neurology infection and its relevance with the distribution of bacteria in ward environment were analyzed, respectively. Results Among the 100 patients with neurological, there were 42 (42.0%) cases with respiratory tract infection, followed by urinary tract infection, gastrointestinal infection, skin and mucous membranes and brain and other parts infection. Neurology ward environment monitoring results showed that 1 500 pathogens were collected, mainly Gram-positive cocci and Gram-positive bacteria (accounting for 65.87%and 16.13%), mainly Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, black Bacillus subtilis and hemolytic Staphylococcus aureus. Gram-negative bacilli and Gram-negative cocci only accounted for a small part. The major pathogens of the infected patients were Gram-negative bacilli and Gram-positive cocci (accounting for 59.41% and 28.71%). Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were more common. Conclusions Neurology patients infected with pathogens situation is relatively consistent with the bacteria in ward environment, so the clean ward environment for the prevention and control of the hospital-acquired infections palyed an important role.