护理研究
護理研究
호리연구
NURSING RESEARCH
2015年
5期
568-571
,共4页
社区%失能老年人%生活自理能力%照护服务%需求
社區%失能老年人%生活自理能力%照護服務%需求
사구%실능노년인%생활자리능력%조호복무%수구
community%disability older persons%life self maintaining%care service%demand
[目的]了解社区失能老年人基本情况及照护服务需求现状，为政府及社区制定完善的失能老年人长期照护政策提供有力支撑。[方法]采用方便抽样法，对北京市海淀区两个社区的220名失能老年人进行问卷调查。[结果]220名失能老年人中，轻度失能105人(47.73%)、中度失能60人(27.27%)、重度失能55人(25.00%)；10项身体照顾服务需求中排序前5位的是：散步、聊天，使用生活辅助用具，翻身、叩背，服药，更换衣服；9项家务及日常生活照顾服务需求中排序前5位的是送餐服务、陪同就医或联络医疗机构、家务助理、家庭访视、陪同或代购；11项居家护理服务需求中排序前5位的是输液、抽血化验、雾化吸入、更换胃管、伤口换药；13项其他服务需求中排序前5位的是定期查体、医护人员上门服务、照护者指导、紧急救援、康复训练与指导。[结论]社区失能老年人对照护服务表现出非常迫切的需求，政府及相关部门应以失能老年人主观需求为基本导向，结合客观评估，制定更加规范的照护标准，提供行之有效且针对性强的长期照护服务，提高失能老年人生存质量。
[目的]瞭解社區失能老年人基本情況及照護服務需求現狀，為政府及社區製定完善的失能老年人長期照護政策提供有力支撐。[方法]採用方便抽樣法，對北京市海澱區兩箇社區的220名失能老年人進行問捲調查。[結果]220名失能老年人中，輕度失能105人(47.73%)、中度失能60人(27.27%)、重度失能55人(25.00%)；10項身體照顧服務需求中排序前5位的是：散步、聊天，使用生活輔助用具，翻身、叩揹，服藥，更換衣服；9項傢務及日常生活照顧服務需求中排序前5位的是送餐服務、陪同就醫或聯絡醫療機構、傢務助理、傢庭訪視、陪同或代購；11項居傢護理服務需求中排序前5位的是輸液、抽血化驗、霧化吸入、更換胃管、傷口換藥；13項其他服務需求中排序前5位的是定期查體、醫護人員上門服務、照護者指導、緊急救援、康複訓練與指導。[結論]社區失能老年人對照護服務錶現齣非常迫切的需求，政府及相關部門應以失能老年人主觀需求為基本導嚮，結閤客觀評估，製定更加規範的照護標準，提供行之有效且針對性彊的長期照護服務，提高失能老年人生存質量。
[목적]료해사구실능노년인기본정황급조호복무수구현상，위정부급사구제정완선적실능노년인장기조호정책제공유력지탱。[방법]채용방편추양법，대북경시해정구량개사구적220명실능노년인진행문권조사。[결과]220명실능노년인중，경도실능105인(47.73%)、중도실능60인(27.27%)、중도실능55인(25.00%)；10항신체조고복무수구중배서전5위적시：산보、료천，사용생활보조용구，번신、고배，복약，경환의복；9항가무급일상생활조고복무수구중배서전5위적시송찬복무、배동취의혹련락의료궤구、가무조리、가정방시、배동혹대구；11항거가호리복무수구중배서전5위적시수액、추혈화험、무화흡입、경환위관、상구환약；13항기타복무수구중배서전5위적시정기사체、의호인원상문복무、조호자지도、긴급구원、강복훈련여지도。[결론]사구실능노년인대조호복무표현출비상박절적수구，정부급상관부문응이실능노년인주관수구위기본도향，결합객관평고，제정경가규범적조호표준，제공행지유효차침대성강적장기조호복무，제고실능노년인생존질량。
Objective:To know about the basic situation of community disability older persons and status quo of their care service demand,so as to provide strong support for government and the community establishing per-fect disability elderly long term care policy.Methods:With convenient sampling method,a questionnaire was conducted for a total of 220 disability older persons in two communities in Haidian district in Beijing city.Results:In 220 disability older persons,there were 105 older persons with mild disability(47.73%),there were 60 older persons with moderate disability(27.27%),55 older persons with severe disability(25.00%);in 10 health care service needs,the top 5 care services were going for a walk,chat,the use of assisted living appliances,turning o-ver,calling back,medication,changing clothes;in 9 housework and daily life care demands,the ranking top 5 care services were food service,accompanied doctor and contacting medical institutions,the domestic helper, home visit and accompanying or purchasing;in 1 1 home care service demands,ranking top 5 demands included the infusion,blood tests,atomization inhalation,replacement of the nasogastric tube and wound dressing;rank-ing top 5 in 13 other service demands included regular physical examination,medical personnel on site service, caregivers guidance,emergency relief,rehabilitation training and guidance.Conclusion:Disability older persons in the community have very urgent demands for care services.The government and relevant departments should take the subjective demands of disability older persons as a basic guide,combined with the objective assessment to develop a more standardized care standard,so as to provide effective and targeted long term care services and enhance the survival quality of disability older persons.
