CAJ | 학술논문

综述了石油原油或废油中W/O型油水乳化液物理破乳技术及装置的研究现状及发展趋势，分别从施加外力破乳和施加场能破乳两个方面介绍了W/O型油水乳化液的物理破乳技术及装置各自的优缺点。施加外力破乳技术及装置方面，重点介绍了施加离心力破乳的旋流破乳装置、施加聚结力破乳的聚结板式破乳装置和施加压力破乳的膜破乳装置；施加场能破乳技术和装置方面，重点介绍了施加微波场的微波破乳装置、施加超声场的超声波破乳装置以及施加电场的电破乳装置；并着重阐述水击谐波破乳技术及装置的工作机理、结构及工作流程。最后指出破乳技术及装置研究方向为装置的新型化、节能环保化、智能化以及轻量化。
종술료석유원유혹폐유중W/O형유수유화액물리파유기술급장치적연구현상급발전추세，분별종시가외력파유화시가장능파유량개방면개소료W/O형유수유화액적물리파유기술급장치각자적우결점。시가외력파유기술급장치방면，중점개소료시가리심력파유적선류파유장치、시가취결력파유적취결판식파유장치화시가압력파유적막파유장치；시가장능파유기술화장치방면，중점개소료시가미파장적미파파유장치、시가초성장적초성파파유장치이급시가전장적전파유장치；병착중천술수격해파파유기술급장치적공작궤리、결구급공작류정。최후지출파유기술급장치연구방향위장치적신형화、절능배보화、지능화이급경양화。
This paper introduced research status and development tendency of physical demulsification technologies and equipment about W/O emulsions in crude oil or waste oil. Applications of external force and field energy to demulsify were discussed respectively. External force demulsification mainly employs cyclones,using centrifugal force,coalescence plate using coalescence force,or membrane device using stress force. Field energy demulsification normally focuses on applying microwave field, ultrasonic field,or electric field. Working mechanism,structure and working process of water hammer harmonic demulsification technology were emphasized.This paper pointed out that the development directions of demulsification technologies should be energy and cost effective,and environmental friendly.