CAJ | 학술논문

主要阐述了渣油分离方法在加工工艺中的重要性，重点介绍了目前渣油分离方法中的实沸点蒸馏、分子蒸馏、超临界流体萃取分馏法（SFEF）和色谱法的原理、特点和工艺流程，指出了不同分析方法的优缺点，并对其在国内外发展的概况和应用现状作了评述。针对渣油自身的特点，指出以超临界流体技术和色谱相结合的方法为基础，结合先进的分析测试手段，能系统地揭示渣油的组成、结构和物理化学性质之间的内在关系，可从分子层次描述渣油分子在催化剂上的扩散、吸附及转化规律，突破集总动力学的局限性，是目前渣油分离方法的主要趋势，为渣油轻质化催化剂的研究和加工处理新工艺的发展提供强有力的理论指导，在石油化工中的应用前景广阔。
주요천술료사유분리방법재가공공예중적중요성，중점개소료목전사유분리방법중적실비점증류、분자증류、초림계류체췌취분류법（SFEF）화색보법적원리、특점화공예류정，지출료불동분석방법적우결점，병대기재국내외발전적개황화응용현상작료평술。침대사유자신적특점，지출이초림계류체기술화색보상결합적방법위기출，결합선진적분석측시수단，능계통지게시사유적조성、결구화물이화학성질지간적내재관계，가종분자층차묘술사유분자재최화제상적확산、흡부급전화규률，돌파집총동역학적국한성，시목전사유분리방법적주요추세，위사유경질화최화제적연구화가공처리신공예적발전제공강유력적이론지도，재석유화공중적응용전경엄활。
In this paper,the importance of separation method for residuum in petroleum processing is stated. The current main methods of residuum separation are introduced. The principles, characteristics and technological processes of residuum separation are highlighted,such as true boiling point distillation,molecular distillation,supercritical fluid extraction fractionation(SFEF)and chromatography. The advantages and disadvantages of various methods are discussed. The development and application of the study on the separation methods at home and abroad in recent years are reviewed. According to the characteristics of residuum,composition,structure and internal relationship between physical and chemical properties can be systematically revealed by advanced analysis based on combining supercritical fluid technology and chromatography. The diffusion,adsorption and transformation of residuum molecules on the catalyst can be described at the molecular level,and the limitations of lumped kinetics can be broken through. Such is the main trend in residuum separation. It can provide theoretical guidance for the research and development of new catalyst and new technology of residuum processing and has broad application prospect in the petrochemical industry.