地球学报
地毬學報
지구학보
ACTA GEOSCIENTIA SINICA
2015年
1期
40-49
,共10页
李洪普%郑绵平%侯献华%闫立娟
李洪普%鄭綿平%侯獻華%閆立娟
리홍보%정면평%후헌화%염립연
柴达木盆地南翼山%富钾深层卤水%控制因素%水化学特征
柴達木盆地南翼山%富鉀深層滷水%控製因素%水化學特徵
시체목분지남익산%부갑심층서수%공제인소%수화학특정
Nanyishan anticlinal structure in western Qaidam Basin%potassium-rich deep brine%control factors%hydrochemical characteristics
柴达木盆地西部南翼山地区深层卤水是经济价值极高的液体矿床，以富含钾、硼、锂和溴等为特征，前人认为南翼山背斜构造区地层的岩性控制着深层富钾卤水的分布。本次研究结果认为，该区卤水主要受控于背斜构造中发育的断层裂隙，深度范围为上新统上油砂山组至渐新统下干柴沟组。本文着重以青藏高原柴达木盆地西部南翼山背斜构造 E3g–N1y 地层富钾深层卤水的形成机制及水化学特征为研究对象，在野外观察、取样及室内分析的基础上，综合分析地质及石油等相关部门地质、水文、物探等方面资料，及对青海油田公司老井最新的卤水层射孔资料，结合储卤层沉积环境、地质构造，富钾深层卤水水文地质及地球化学特征，认为柴达木盆地西部南翼山背斜构造从渐新世至上新世经历了深湖相—半深湖相—浅湖相—潮坪相沉积。沉积环境决定着原始深层卤水的水性与水质，南翼山背斜褶皱构造形成的同时，产生了一系列纵向、横向及顺层等断层及相应的构造裂缝(隙)，构成了富钾深层卤水的储水空间。大量的化学分析资料显示，南翼山背斜构造区深层卤水是封闭程度高的还原环境下沉积变质作用的产物。
柴達木盆地西部南翼山地區深層滷水是經濟價值極高的液體礦床，以富含鉀、硼、鋰和溴等為特徵，前人認為南翼山揹斜構造區地層的巖性控製著深層富鉀滷水的分佈。本次研究結果認為，該區滷水主要受控于揹斜構造中髮育的斷層裂隙，深度範圍為上新統上油砂山組至漸新統下榦柴溝組。本文著重以青藏高原柴達木盆地西部南翼山揹斜構造 E3g–N1y 地層富鉀深層滷水的形成機製及水化學特徵為研究對象，在野外觀察、取樣及室內分析的基礎上，綜閤分析地質及石油等相關部門地質、水文、物探等方麵資料，及對青海油田公司老井最新的滷水層射孔資料，結閤儲滷層沉積環境、地質構造，富鉀深層滷水水文地質及地毬化學特徵，認為柴達木盆地西部南翼山揹斜構造從漸新世至上新世經歷瞭深湖相—半深湖相—淺湖相—潮坪相沉積。沉積環境決定著原始深層滷水的水性與水質，南翼山揹斜褶皺構造形成的同時，產生瞭一繫列縱嚮、橫嚮及順層等斷層及相應的構造裂縫(隙)，構成瞭富鉀深層滷水的儲水空間。大量的化學分析資料顯示，南翼山揹斜構造區深層滷水是封閉程度高的還原環境下沉積變質作用的產物。
시체목분지서부남익산지구심층서수시경제개치겁고적액체광상，이부함갑、붕、리화추등위특정，전인인위남익산배사구조구지층적암성공제착심층부갑서수적분포。본차연구결과인위，해구서수주요수공우배사구조중발육적단층렬극，심도범위위상신통상유사산조지점신통하간시구조。본문착중이청장고원시체목분지서부남익산배사구조 E3g–N1y 지층부갑심층서수적형성궤제급수화학특정위연구대상，재야외관찰、취양급실내분석적기출상，종합분석지질급석유등상관부문지질、수문、물탐등방면자료，급대청해유전공사로정최신적서수층사공자료，결합저서층침적배경、지질구조，부갑심층서수수문지질급지구화학특정，인위시체목분지서부남익산배사구조종점신세지상신세경력료심호상—반심호상—천호상—조평상침적。침적배경결정착원시심층서수적수성여수질，남익산배사습추구조형성적동시，산생료일계렬종향、횡향급순층등단층급상응적구조렬봉(극)，구성료부갑심층서수적저수공간。대량적화학분석자료현시，남익산배사구조구심층서수시봉폐정도고적환원배경하침적변질작용적산물。
The deep brine in Nanyishan area in the western part of the Qaidam Basin is a liquid deposit with extremely high economic value, characterized by enrichment of potassium, boron, lithium and bromine. Previous workers considered that the lithologic character of the strata in Nanyishan anticlinal structural area controls the distribution of deep potassium-rich brine. The study conducted by the authors reveal that the brine in this area is controlled by fault fissures developed in the anticlinal structure, with the depth range from Pliocene Shangyoushashan Formation to Oligocene Lower Ganchaigou Formation. With the formation mechanism and hydrochemical characteristics of the potassium-rich deep brine in E3g–N1y strata of Nanyishan anticlinal structure as the emphatic study objects and on the basis of field observation and sampling as well as indoor analysis, the authors made an integrated analysis of geological, hydrological and physical data provided by related geological and petroleum departments as well as the newest brine bed perforation data of old drill holes provided by Qinghai Oilfield Company in combination with sedimentary environment and geological structure of the brine-storage reservoir as well as hydrogeological and geochemical characteristics of potassium-rich deep brine. The results show that Nanyishan anticlinal structure in the western part of the Qaidam Basin experienced the evolution of deep lacustrine facies-semi-deep lacustrine facies-shallow lacustrine facies-tidal flat facies from Oligocene to Pliocene. The sedimentary environment decided the water character and water quality of the primary deep brine. Simultaneously with the formation of Nanyishan anticlinal structure, a series of longitudinal, transverse and bedding faults as well as corresponding structural cracks (fissures) were formed to serve as water-storage space for potassium-rich deep brine. Large quantities of chemical analytical data demonstrate that the deep brine in Annyishan anticlinal structure resulted from sedimentary metamorphism in a highly-closed reduction environment.
