CAJ | 학술논문

线粒体是真核生物重要的细胞器，为细胞提供大部分能量，同时也是活性氧（ROS）产生场所及细胞凋亡控制中心。线粒体来自与宿主共生的α-变形菌（α-Protobacteria），在形成细胞器的过程中α-变形菌蛋白组逐渐变小，将大部分遗传物质转移到核的同时与宿主建立了稳定的内共生关系。大多数现存真核生物的线粒体仍保留有少量来自α-变形菌的基因，其功能非常保守，仅编码线粒体蛋白合成相关的tRNA、rRNA、核糖体蛋白和氧化磷酸化复合物亚基蛋白。本文将从线粒体起源及蛋白含量进化进行综述。
선립체시진핵생물중요적세포기，위세포제공대부분능량，동시야시활성양（ROS）산생장소급세포조망공제중심。선립체래자여숙주공생적α-변형균（α-Protobacteria），재형성세포기적과정중α-변형균단백조축점변소，장대부분유전물질전이도핵적동시여숙주건립료은정적내공생관계。대다수현존진핵생물적선립체잉보류유소량래자α-변형균적기인，기공능비상보수，부편마선립체단백합성상관적tRNA、rRNA、핵당체단백화양화린산화복합물아기단백。본문장종선립체기원급단백함량진화진행종술。
Mitochondria exist in all eukaryotes as the main source of energy. They also generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) as toxic by-products and control the cell apoptosis. Mitochondria origin from endosymbiotic α-protobacterial ancestors which transferred most of its genes to the nuclear while establishing stable symbiosis with the host. Most of the modern mitochondria still have genes from theirα-protobacterial ancestors with conserved coding capacity involved in transcription and translation of mitochondrial tRNA, rRNA, ribosomal protein and subunits of oxidative phosphorylation complex. This review summarizes the advances concerning origin of mitochondria and subsequent change in the size of mitochondrial proteome.