CAJ | 학술논문

三苯甲烷类染料孔雀石绿和结晶紫因具有抗菌等活性，常被违法用于水产养殖业。但孔雀石绿、结晶紫及其代谢产物隐性孔雀石绿、隐性结晶紫均具有致癌性，所以水产品中这4种碱性染料的残留检测是食品安全分析的重要问题之一。本文就孔雀石绿、结晶紫及其代谢物的化学性质、危害性、使用状况、现有的前处理方法和仪器分析方法等进行了综述。由于水产品基质复杂，样品前处理尤为重要。基于固相萃取技术、QuEChERS 技术的高效液相色谱法、高效液相色谱-串联质谱法等方法，适合于水产品中孔雀石绿和结晶紫及其代谢物的快速同时检测，在实际检测中得到广泛应用。同位素稀释质谱法和混合模式色谱法等新型检测技术与新型净化材料将是检测孔雀石绿和结晶紫的发展新方向。
삼분갑완류염료공작석록화결정자인구유항균등활성，상피위법용우수산양식업。단공작석록、결정자급기대사산물은성공작석록、은성결정자균구유치암성，소이수산품중저4충감성염료적잔류검측시식품안전분석적중요문제지일。본문취공작석록、결정자급기대사물적화학성질、위해성、사용상황、현유적전처리방법화의기분석방법등진행료종술。유우수산품기질복잡，양품전처리우위중요。기우고상췌취기술、QuEChERS 기술적고효액상색보법、고효액상색보-천련질보법등방법，괄합우수산품중공작석록화결정자급기대사물적쾌속동시검측，재실제검측중득도엄범응용。동위소희석질보법화혼합모식색보법등신형검측기술여신형정화재료장시검측공작석록화결정자적발전신방향。
Triphenylmethane dyes malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV) have been used as antimicrobial, antiparasitic and antiseptic agents in aquaculture. However, MG and CV as well as their metabolites leucomalachite green (LMG) and leucocrystal violet (LCV) are potential mutagen and carcinogen. In this paper, chemical properties, harmfulness, utilization, pretreatment methods and instrument analysis method of MG, CV and their metabolites were reviewed. Considering the complexity of aquatic products, sample pretreatment was significant for improving matrix interference and increasing detection sensitivity. Combined with solid phase extraction technology and QuEChERS technology, high performance liquid chromatography method and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method were suitable for the rapid determination of MG, CV and their metabolites in aquatic products. The new detection technologies, such as isotope dilution mass spectrometry and mixed-mode chromatography, and new materials, would be the new direction of the detection of MG and CV.