CAJ | 학술논문

近年来在欧美国家和地区出现了一批基于热化学平台、糖平台和羧酸盐平台的新型液、气生物燃料企业。其原料和技术路线与先前第一代生物燃油乃至第二代纤维素乙醇所采用的水解-发酵或酯交换工艺完全不同。突出的特点是使用木质纤维类原料，因而能将原来不能充分利用的木质素及半纤维素所含的能量（约占总能的四成）也转化入最终的生物合成油/气之中。从而为大规模利用林木类废弃/剩余物、能源林/灌木和木变油/气提供了前所未有的机遇。当前这些技术绝大部分已通过中试和示范规模的验证，经济可行性较强，正处于大规模产业化的前夜。用它们制取的多种先进生物燃料还有两个非常大的优点，即均属于所谓的“直接使用”类燃料，能以任何比例与常规汽、柴油掺混，或完全单独用于现有的发动机（不用改装发动机），亦无需像乙醇那样须有专用的储运设施；且均有70%~90%的CO2减排效果。我国在此领域也出现了好的苗头，在迎接全球生物能源第二波浪潮的激烈竞争中须也能够占有一席之地。
근년래재구미국가화지구출현료일비기우열화학평태、당평태화최산염평태적신형액、기생물연료기업。기원료화기술로선여선전제일대생물연유내지제이대섬유소을순소채용적수해-발효혹지교환공예완전불동。돌출적특점시사용목질섬유류원료，인이능장원래불능충분이용적목질소급반섬유소소함적능량（약점총능적사성）야전화입최종적생물합성유/기지중。종이위대규모이용림목류폐기/잉여물、능원림/관목화목변유/기제공료전소미유적궤우。당전저사기술절대부분이통과중시화시범규모적험증，경제가행성교강，정처우대규모산업화적전야。용타문제취적다충선진생물연료환유량개비상대적우점，즉균속우소위적“직접사용”류연료，능이임하비례여상규기、시유참혼，혹완전단독용우현유적발동궤（불용개장발동궤），역무수상을순나양수유전용적저운설시；차균유70%~90%적CO2감배효과。아국재차영역야출현료호적묘두，재영접전구생물능원제이파랑조적격렬경쟁중수야능구점유일석지지。
A series of newly-developed type of biofuel plants have established which are fea-tured with products of thermo-chemical platform,sugar platform and carboxylates platform,as well as use lignocellulosic feedstock. Lignocellulose biomass-to-liquids (BTL) is fundamentally different both from the first generation biofuels that are all derived from cereal and vegetable oil,and from the second generation ethanol that is based on hydrolysis-fermentation process. The prominent feature of such a new kind of advanced biofuels is that they can make full use of the energy contained in lignin and semicellulose,which is rich in woody materials,thus consid-erably broadens the scope of feedstock. Recently,majority of these technologies have under-gone tests of pilot and demonstration phases,and on the eve of big scale of commercialization. The products derived from above three platforms are all characteristic of reducing CO2 emission by 70%~90%and can be used directly on current vehicle engines and fuel infrastructure. Chi-nese scientists have also tapped a few novel technologies in this field,and without lag behind in the severe international competition.