成都理工大学学报（自然科学版）
成都理工大學學報（自然科學版）
성도리공대학학보（자연과학판）
JOURNAL OF CHENGDU UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY(SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EDITION)
2015年
1期
5-17
,共13页
李勇%周荣军%赵国华%李海兵%苏德辰%丁海容%颜照坤%闫亮%云锟%马超
李勇%週榮軍%趙國華%李海兵%囌德辰%丁海容%顏照坤%閆亮%雲錕%馬超
리용%주영군%조국화%리해병%소덕신%정해용%안조곤%염량%운곤%마초
汶川地震%构造抬升%同震滑坡%震后泥石流%沉积通量%山脉生长%红椿沟%岷江%龙门山%青藏高原东缘
汶川地震%構造抬升%同震滑坡%震後泥石流%沉積通量%山脈生長%紅椿溝%岷江%龍門山%青藏高原東緣
문천지진%구조태승%동진활파%진후니석류%침적통량%산맥생장%홍춘구%민강%룡문산%청장고원동연
Wenchuan earthquake%landslide%debris flow%erosion%sediment flux%mountain growth%Hongchun gully%Minjiang River%Longmen Mountains%eastern margin%Tibetan Plateau
汶川（Ms 8．0）地震驱动的构造抬升作用和滑坡、泥石流剥蚀作用如何影响龙门山的地貌生长是目前争论的焦点。作者以位于汶川地震震中位置的映秀红椿沟泥石流为例，利用野外实测资料、航片和数字高程资料，开展了红椿沟流域汶川地震驱动的构造抬升与滑坡、泥石流的表面侵蚀过程及其对龙门山地貌生长约束方面的定量研究，获得以下初步认识：（1）红椿沟位于汶川地震震中区的高山峡谷，发震断裂———北川断裂从该沟切过。（2）汶川地震触发的同震滑坡体积达3．8001×106 m3，是震前滑坡量的3倍。（3）2010-08-13和2010-08-18强降雨形成的震后泥石流体积为0．705×106 m3，表明震后强降雨使同震滑坡量的20％转化为泥石流。（4）红椿沟泥石流将0．485×106 m3固体物质输入岷江河道（主河），导致河道变窄、河床升高、河床比降增大。（5）冲入河道量与同震滑坡量之间的转化率约为13％，冲入河道量与泥石流量之间的转化率为70％。（6）在红椿沟流域同震的滑坡体积（3．8001×106 m3）小于同震的构造抬升体积（6．67×106 m3），仅有约57％的构造抬升量转化为滑坡量，表明以逆冲-走滑作用为特征的汶川地震所导致的构造抬升量大于滑坡量，将使龙门山地貌产生新的抬升和生长。
汶川（Ms 8．0）地震驅動的構造抬升作用和滑坡、泥石流剝蝕作用如何影響龍門山的地貌生長是目前爭論的焦點。作者以位于汶川地震震中位置的映秀紅椿溝泥石流為例，利用野外實測資料、航片和數字高程資料，開展瞭紅椿溝流域汶川地震驅動的構造抬升與滑坡、泥石流的錶麵侵蝕過程及其對龍門山地貌生長約束方麵的定量研究，穫得以下初步認識：（1）紅椿溝位于汶川地震震中區的高山峽穀，髮震斷裂———北川斷裂從該溝切過。（2）汶川地震觸髮的同震滑坡體積達3．8001×106 m3，是震前滑坡量的3倍。（3）2010-08-13和2010-08-18彊降雨形成的震後泥石流體積為0．705×106 m3，錶明震後彊降雨使同震滑坡量的20％轉化為泥石流。（4）紅椿溝泥石流將0．485×106 m3固體物質輸入岷江河道（主河），導緻河道變窄、河床升高、河床比降增大。（5）遲入河道量與同震滑坡量之間的轉化率約為13％，遲入河道量與泥石流量之間的轉化率為70％。（6）在紅椿溝流域同震的滑坡體積（3．8001×106 m3）小于同震的構造抬升體積（6．67×106 m3），僅有約57％的構造抬升量轉化為滑坡量，錶明以逆遲-走滑作用為特徵的汶川地震所導緻的構造抬升量大于滑坡量，將使龍門山地貌產生新的抬升和生長。
문천（Ms 8．0）지진구동적구조태승작용화활파、니석류박식작용여하영향룡문산적지모생장시목전쟁론적초점。작자이위우문천지진진중위치적영수홍춘구니석류위례，이용야외실측자료、항편화수자고정자료，개전료홍춘구류역문천지진구동적구조태승여활파、니석류적표면침식과정급기대룡문산지모생장약속방면적정량연구，획득이하초보인식：（1）홍춘구위우문천지진진중구적고산협곡，발진단렬———북천단렬종해구절과。（2）문천지진촉발적동진활파체적체3．8001×106 m3，시진전활파량적3배。（3）2010-08-13화2010-08-18강강우형성적진후니석류체적위0．705×106 m3，표명진후강강우사동진활파량적20％전화위니석류。（4）홍춘구니석류장0．485×106 m3고체물질수입민강하도（주하），도치하도변착、하상승고、하상비강증대。（5）충입하도량여동진활파량지간적전화솔약위13％，충입하도량여니석류량지간적전화솔위70％。（6）재홍춘구류역동진적활파체적（3．8001×106 m3）소우동진적구조태승체적（6．67×106 m3），부유약57％적구조태승량전화위활파량，표명이역충-주활작용위특정적문천지진소도치적구조태승량대우활파량，장사룡문산지모산생신적태승화생장。
How the tectonic uplift,landslides,and debris flow erosion driven by the Wenchuan (Ms 8. 0)earthquake affect the geomorphic growth of Mt.Longmen is the focus of the debate at present. The aim of this study is to make clear how the mass wasting triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake affect the growth of the Mt.Longmen.Field data,aerial photographs,and digital elevation data are used to conduct quantitative analyses of the tectonic uplift driven by the Wenchuan earthquake and of landslide and debris flow erosion processes,along with their effects on the geomorphic growth of Mt. Longmen.The preliminary insights obtained are as follows.(1 )The Hongchun gully is located in alpine valleys within the earthquake epicenter area.The seismogenic fault - the Beichuan fault cuts through the gully.(2)The Wenchuan earthquake triggered the coseismic landslides of 3.800 1×106 m3 ,being three times the volume before the earthquake.(3 )The volume of the debris flow resulting from heavy rainfalls on August 13 and 18,2010 after the earthquake was 0.705 ×106 m3 ,indicating that 20% of the volume of the coseismic landslides after the earthquake was changed into debris flows because of heavy rainfalls.(4)The Hongchun gully debris flow discharged solid materials of 0.485× 106 m3 into the Minjiang River (the main river),leading the watercourse to be narrowed,the riverbed elevated,and the riverbed gradient increased.(5 )The conversion ratio between the sediments input into the watercourse and the coseismic landslide sediments was about 1 3%.The conversion ratio between the sediments input into the watercourse and the debris flow sediments was 70%.(6 )The volume (3.800 1×106 m3)of the coseismic landslides in the Hongchun gully was less than that of the coseismic uplift (6.67 × 106 m3 ).Only about 57% of the uplift volume was converted into the landslide volume,indicating a greater volume of the tectonic uplift compared to the volume of the landslides resulting from the Wenchuan earthquake characterized by thrust and strike-slip motions. This has caused the new uplift and the geomorphic growth of the Mt.Longmen.
