CAJ | 학술논문

对于具有大迟延、大惯性特性的被控对象，常规 PID 控制往往难以取得满意的控制效果。在对常规 PID 控制算法及迟延和惯性系统的动态特性进行定性分析的基础上，提出了一种新的自校正增量型PID控制方法。首先采用带最小损失函数的递推最小二乘算法通过离线辨识获得被控对象初始的迟延和惯性特性，并据此整定PID控制器参数；控制过程中，通过在线辨识实时获取被控对象的动态特性，并利用历史控制信息，根据在线辨识结果获得一种具有自调整功能的校正基准量，从而形成一种自校正增量型PID控制器。最后，将其应用于电站锅炉过热汽温串级控制系统中。仿真试验表明，该方法能够有效地控制具有时变特性的大迟延、大惯性对象，表现出了良好的自适应能力。
대우구유대지연、대관성특성적피공대상，상규 PID 공제왕왕난이취득만의적공제효과。재대상규 PID 공제산법급지연화관성계통적동태특성진행정성분석적기출상，제출료일충신적자교정증량형PID공제방법。수선채용대최소손실함수적체추최소이승산법통과리선변식획득피공대상초시적지연화관성특성，병거차정정PID공제기삼수；공제과정중，통과재선변식실시획취피공대상적동태특성，병이용역사공제신식，근거재선변식결과획득일충구유자조정공능적교정기준량，종이형성일충자교정증량형PID공제기。최후，장기응용우전참과로과열기온천급공제계통중。방진시험표명，해방법능구유효지공제구유시변특성적대지연、대관성대상，표현출료량호적자괄응능력。
For the objects with large time-delay and inertial characteristics, the conventional PID controller is usually difficult to achieve satisfactory effect. Based on the qualitative analysises of the conventional PID control algorithm and the time-delay and inertial characteristics of controlled object, a new self-tuning incremental PID control method was proposed. Firstly, in order to obtaining the intial time-delay and inertial characteristics of controlled object, the recursive least-square algorithm with a minimum loss function was used to off-line identify the object, and then the parameters of the PID controller were set according to the identification result. In the control process, the on-line identification was used to obtain the real-time dynamic characteristics of controlled object, and by utilizing the historical control information and according to the identification result, a correcting datum quantity was obtained which with self-adjustment capability, and then a self-tuning incremental PID controller was formed. Finally, the proposed method was applied in the superheated steam temperature cascade control system of boiler. The simulation results had shown that the proposed method could control the objects with large time-delay and inertial characteristic effectively and had good adaptability.