山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）
山東農業大學學報（自然科學版）
산동농업대학학보（자연과학판）
JOURNAL OF SHANDONG AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)
2015年
1期
23-27
,共5页
酸雨%pH值%酸雨频率%影响因素
痠雨%pH值%痠雨頻率%影響因素
산우%pH치%산우빈솔%영향인소
Acid Rain%pH value%frequency of acid rain%effective factors
根据2008~2012年济南市酸雨观测资料、探空资料和大气监测资料，分析了济南市酸雨的年、季变化特征，同时研究了酸性降水与气象条件和大气污染物的关系。统计资料证明：近5年济南市的酸雨无论从频率还是从强度上都呈现减弱趋势。降水pH值秋季最低，夏季最高；酸雨频率秋季最高，冬季最低。分析得出，影响济南市酸雨的主要大气污染物是PM10和SO2；在偏东风影响下，酸雨污染严重；酸雨的发生也会受逆温影响，降水前1 d及当天均出现逆温时，酸雨出现频率最高；随着降水量的增加，pH值逐渐降低，中雨时酸雨频率最高；另外，雾和轻雾也容易导致酸雨的发生。
根據2008~2012年濟南市痠雨觀測資料、探空資料和大氣鑑測資料，分析瞭濟南市痠雨的年、季變化特徵，同時研究瞭痠性降水與氣象條件和大氣汙染物的關繫。統計資料證明：近5年濟南市的痠雨無論從頻率還是從彊度上都呈現減弱趨勢。降水pH值鞦季最低，夏季最高；痠雨頻率鞦季最高，鼕季最低。分析得齣，影響濟南市痠雨的主要大氣汙染物是PM10和SO2；在偏東風影響下，痠雨汙染嚴重；痠雨的髮生也會受逆溫影響，降水前1 d及噹天均齣現逆溫時，痠雨齣現頻率最高；隨著降水量的增加，pH值逐漸降低，中雨時痠雨頻率最高；另外，霧和輕霧也容易導緻痠雨的髮生。
근거2008~2012년제남시산우관측자료、탐공자료화대기감측자료，분석료제남시산우적년、계변화특정，동시연구료산성강수여기상조건화대기오염물적관계。통계자료증명：근5년제남시적산우무론종빈솔환시종강도상도정현감약추세。강수pH치추계최저，하계최고；산우빈솔추계최고，동계최저。분석득출，영향제남시산우적주요대기오염물시PM10화SO2；재편동풍영향하，산우오염엄중；산우적발생야회수역온영향，강수전1 d급당천균출현역온시，산우출현빈솔최고；수착강수량적증가，pH치축점강저，중우시산우빈솔최고；령외，무화경무야용역도치산우적발생。
The annual and seasonal characteristics of acid rain in Jinan, and the relationship between acid rain, meteorological factors and pollutant concentrations were analyzed based on the observed acid rain data, the sounding data and atmospheric monitoring data from 2008 to 2012 at Acid Rain Observation Station of Jinan. The statistics showed a decreased tendency for both the frequency and intensity of acid rain in Jinan in recent 5 years. The average pH value of precipitation was lowest in autumn and highest in summer, while the frequency of acid rain was highest in autumn and lowest in winter. It was found that PM10 and SO2 were the main atmospheric pollutants contributing to acid rain in Jinan. The transport of pollutants by easterlies enhanced the acidity of precipitation. The acid rain was also influenced by the temperature inversion. The frequency of acid rain increased when temperature inversion occurred at rainy days and the days before. The pH value decreased with the increase of rainfall in a single event. The acid rain was most likely to form when moderate rain occurs. Additionally, fog (light fog) also favored the formation of acid rain.
