CAJ | 학술논문

目的：对比江西星子地域株湖沼型肋壳钉螺、江西玉山地域株山区型肋壳钉螺和四川彭山地域株山区型光壳钉螺在模拟江西省星子县野外自然条件下放养4个月的存活率及其对同种血吸虫的易感性差异。方法野外采集江西省星子地域株湖沼型肋壳钉螺、玉山地域株山区型肋壳钉螺和四川省彭山地域株山区型光壳钉螺，采用逸蚴法筛选出阴、阳性钉螺，用星子地域株阳性钉螺感染家兔，45 d 后取家兔肝脏并获得毛蚴，在26～30℃室温和日光灯的照射下，以毛蚴数量与钉螺数量201进行人工感染。感染后，将钉螺置于江西省星子县血吸虫病防治站进行室外模拟现场饲养，4个月后回收钉螺，对比存活率，并采用逸蚴法对比其感染率。结果江西玉山山区型、四川彭山山区型钉螺均能在江西省星子县模拟自然条件下存活，但其存活率较江西星子湖沼型钉螺显著降低（P ＜0．001）；江西星子湖沼型钉螺和江西玉山山区型钉螺易感染江西星子地区血吸虫毛蚴，且前者的感染率明显高于后者（P ＜0．001），四川彭山山区型钉螺不易感染该血吸虫毛蚴。结论山区型钉螺可以在湖沼地区存活，其存活率与湖沼型钉螺不同；湖沼型钉螺和山区型钉螺对同种血吸虫的易感性不同。
목적：대비강서성자지역주호소형륵각정라、강서옥산지역주산구형륵각정라화사천팽산지역주산구형광각정라재모의강서성성자현야외자연조건하방양4개월적존활솔급기대동충혈흡충적역감성차이。방법야외채집강서성성자지역주호소형륵각정라、옥산지역주산구형륵각정라화사천성팽산지역주산구형광각정라，채용일유법사선출음、양성정라，용성자지역주양성정라감염가토，45 d 후취가토간장병획득모유，재26～30℃실온화일광등적조사하，이모유수량여정라수량201진행인공감염。감염후，장정라치우강서성성자현혈흡충병방치참진행실외모의현장사양，4개월후회수정라，대비존활솔，병채용일유법대비기감염솔。결과강서옥산산구형、사천팽산산구형정라균능재강서성성자현모의자연조건하존활，단기존활솔교강서성자호소형정라현저강저（P ＜0．001）；강서성자호소형정라화강서옥산산구형정라역감염강서성자지구혈흡충모유，차전자적감염솔명현고우후자（P ＜0．001），사천팽산산구형정라불역감염해혈흡충모유。결론산구형정라가이재호소지구존활，기존활솔여호소형정라불동；호소형정라화산구형정라대동충혈흡충적역감성불동。
Objective To compare the 4-month survive rates of ribbed shell Oncomelania snails from lake regions of Xingzi County of Jiangxi Province,ribbed shell Oncomelania snails from mountain regions of Yushan County of Jiangxi Province and smooth shell Oncomelania snails from mountain regions of Pengshan County of Sichuan Province and their susceptibility to Schis-tosoma japonicum under simulated natural conditions.Methods Lake-region ribbed shell On-comelania snails,mountain-region ribbed shell Oncomelania snails and mountain-region smooth shell Oncomelania snails were collected from Xingzi County of Jiangxi Province,Yushan County of Jiangxi Province and Pengshan County of Sichuan Province,respectively.The infected and un-infected snails were screened using the cercariae escaping method.The Schistosoma japonicum-in-fected snails from Xingzi County were used to infect a rabbit.The liver was removed and miracidia were obtained after 45 days.Then snails were infected with the miracidia at a ratio of 120 at 26-30 ℃ under fluorescent lamp irradiation.These infected snails were fed for 4 months in Schistoso-miasis Control Station of Xingzi County under simulated natural conditions,and the survival rate and infection rate were determined.Results Oncomelania snails from mountain regions of Yushan County of Jiangxi Province and mountain regions of Pengshan County of Sichuan Province could survive under simulated natural conditions in Xingzi County of Jiangxi Province.But their survival rates were significantly lower than those from lake regions of Xingzi County of Jiangxi Province (P < 0.001 ).Furthermore,Oncomelania snails from lake regions of Xingzi County of Jiangxi Province and mountain regions of Yushan County of Jiangxi Province,but not those from moun-tain regions of Pengshan County of Sichuan Province,were easily infected with Schistosoma ja-ponicum miracidia from Xingzi County of Jiangxi Province.In addition,the infection rate of snails from lake regions of Xingzi County of Jiangxi Province was significantly higher than that from mountain regions of Yushan County of Jiangxi Province (P <0.001).Conclusion Oncomelania snails from mountain regions can survive in lake regions.However,there are significant differ-ences in the survival rate and susceptibility to Schistosoma japonicum between lake-region On-comelania snails and mountain-region Oncomelania snails..