CAJ | 학술논문

胆固醇是生命活动必不可少的脂类物质，胆固醇浓度过高或者过低均对人体有害。但由体内胆固醇水平过高引起高胆固醇血症，是导致动脉粥样硬化、脑中风和冠心病的重要危险因素之一。人体内胆固醇有两种来源：以乙酰辅酶A为原料从头合成，或者通过小肠从食物中吸收。现今，过量的胆固醇摄取是引起高胆固醇血症的重要原因。胆固醇在小肠中的吸收是一个复杂的、多步骤的连续分解、转运以及重新酯化的过程。其中Niemann－Pick C1 Like 1（NPC1L1）蛋白介导肠道中胆固醇进入血液，是胆固醇吸收的限速步骤。胆固醇转运蛋白（ CETP ）介导血浆脂蛋白之间胆固醇的转运，在胆固醇逆转运过程中发挥关键作用。研究表明抑制外源性胆固醇的吸收和转运能够较好地降低血液中胆固醇的浓度，有效预防和降低心血管疾病的发生。本文重点总结了胆固醇代谢紊乱的相关疾病和肠道胆固醇吸收的分子途径、调控机制、药物研发现状。
담고순시생명활동필불가소적지류물질，담고순농도과고혹자과저균대인체유해。단유체내담고순수평과고인기고담고순혈증，시도치동맥죽양경화、뇌중풍화관심병적중요위험인소지일。인체내담고순유량충래원：이을선보매A위원료종두합성，혹자통과소장종식물중흡수。현금，과량적담고순섭취시인기고담고순혈증적중요원인。담고순재소장중적흡수시일개복잡적、다보취적련속분해、전운이급중신지화적과정。기중Niemann－Pick C1 Like 1（NPC1L1）단백개도장도중담고순진입혈액，시담고순흡수적한속보취。담고순전운단백（ CETP ）개도혈장지단백지간담고순적전운，재담고순역전운과정중발휘관건작용。연구표명억제외원성담고순적흡수화전운능구교호지강저혈액중담고순적농도，유효예방화강저심혈관질병적발생。본문중점총결료담고순대사문란적상관질병화장도담고순흡수적분자도경、조공궤제、약물연발현상。
Cholesterol is an essential lipid with many physiological functions .Cholesterol concentration is too high or too low both are harmful to human body .High level of cholesterol is called hypercholesterolemia which is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis , stroke and heart disease .The humans obtain cholesterol through de novo synthesis from acetyl-CoA and intestinal absorption from food.In developing societies , excessive cholesterol absorption is an important reason of hypercholesterolemia .Intestinal cholesterol absorption is a sophisticated process including hydrolysis , transport and re-esterification.Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1 ( NPC1L1) facili-tates cholesterol entering enterocytes that is the rate-limiting step.This review summarizes cholesterol metabolism disorder related diseases , the molecular pathway and regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption , and development of cholesterol absorption inhibi-tors.