CAJ | 학술논문

采用微卫星标记技术，探讨了广西右江、左江及红水河三江段野生大眼鳜群体的遗传多样性。采用生物信息学方法，自主开发了4对大眼鳜微卫星 DNA 引物，此外，还从28对鳜属微卫星通用引物中筛选出15对，19对标记均表现为高度多态性。对32尾右江（YJ）、35尾左江（ZJ）及36尾红水河（HSH）三地理群体野生大眼鳜进行遗传多样性分析，总群体的固定指数 Fix 范围为0.0014～1.000，表明19个位点在总群体内表现为杂合子缺失，其对环境的应对能力有所下降。遗传参数统计结果表明，总群体观测等位基因数（Na ＝19.4737）、香农指数（I ＝2.3998）、平均杂合度（Ave Het ＝0.7206）、多态信息含量（0.447＜PIC ＜0.947）均显示：在哈温平衡下，大眼鳜3群体遗传多样性丰富；但3群体遗传多样性存在差异，红水河群体的遗传多样性比左江群体、右江群体的遗传多样性丰富，左江和右江群体的遗传多样性水平较为接近。群体间遗传分化水平较大（0.15＞群体间近交系数 Fst ＝0.1539＜0.25），15.39％的遗传变异来自于群体间，84.61％的遗传变异来自于群体内，群体内近交系数 Fis 为0.5761，各座位的基因流 Nm 分布范围较广（0.1474～8.9091），平均 Nm 值为1.3745，表明3群体间属于中等遗传分化水平，基因流基本顺畅，群体内的近交系数较高，容易引起遗传结构的变化。基于 Nei's 遗传距离的聚类分析显示左江群体与右江群体首先聚为一支，再与红水河聚为一支，符合其在地理位置上的关系。
채용미위성표기기술，탐토료엄서우강、좌강급홍수하삼강단야생대안궐군체적유전다양성。채용생물신식학방법，자주개발료4대대안궐미위성 DNA 인물，차외，환종28대궐속미위성통용인물중사선출15대，19대표기균표현위고도다태성。대32미우강（YJ）、35미좌강（ZJ）급36미홍수하（HSH）삼지리군체야생대안궐진행유전다양성분석，총군체적고정지수 Fix 범위위0.0014～1.000，표명19개위점재총군체내표현위잡합자결실，기대배경적응대능력유소하강。유전삼수통계결과표명，총군체관측등위기인수（Na ＝19.4737）、향농지수（I ＝2.3998）、평균잡합도（Ave Het ＝0.7206）、다태신식함량（0.447＜PIC ＜0.947）균현시：재합온평형하，대안궐3군체유전다양성봉부；단3군체유전다양성존재차이，홍수하군체적유전다양성비좌강군체、우강군체적유전다양성봉부，좌강화우강군체적유전다양성수평교위접근。군체간유전분화수평교대（0.15＞군체간근교계수 Fst ＝0.1539＜0.25），15.39％적유전변이래자우군체간，84.61％적유전변이래자우군체내，군체내근교계수 Fis 위0.5761，각좌위적기인류 Nm 분포범위교엄（0.1474～8.9091），평균 Nm 치위1.3745，표명3군체간속우중등유전분화수평，기인류기본순창，군체내적근교계수교고，용역인기유전결구적변화。기우 Nei's 유전거리적취류분석현시좌강군체여우강군체수선취위일지，재여홍수하취위일지，부합기재지리위치상적관계。
Genetic diversity of three wild populations of Siniperca kneri from Youjiang River,Zuojiang River and Red Water River was studied by microsatellite DNA molecular markers.Total 19 pairs of highly polymorphic microsatellite primers of S.kneri,including 4 pairs exploited autonomously by bioinformatics and 15 pairs screened from 28 pairs of general primers,were adopted for this study.Analyzing 19 micro-satellite locis for three populations,and total 102 individuals,Fixation Index among 3 populations varied from 0.001 4 to 1.000 0 showed the loss of heterozygosity,which leaded to lowering its response to the environment.Observed Number of Alleles (Na =19.473 7),Shannon's Information Index (I =2.399 8), Average Heterozygosity (Ave_Het =0.720 6),and Polymorphism Information Content (0.447 <PIC <0.947)were indicated the abundant genetic diversity among the three populations under Hardy -Wein-berg equilibrium.But there was some differentiation among the three populations:Average Heterozygosity of Red Water River was the highest (Ave_Het =0.771 5),and that of Zuojiang River and Youjiang River were lower and similar (0.692 1、0.698 3).The Genetic Differentiation Index (Fst)among 3 populations was 0.153 9,between 0.15 and 0.25,84.61% of which was contributed by intra -popula-tion and 15.39% by inter -population.Fis Value was 0.576 1.Gene Flow (Nm)of all locis were wide-ly varied between 0.147 4 and 8.909 1,and its average was 0.795 7,which indicated there was the me-dium genetic differentiation level among populations,and gene flow was smooth in general.Their in-breeding coefficient was relatively high which changed easily genetic structure of population.The UPGMA dendrogram based on the Nei's genetic distance suggested that the populations of Zuojiang River and You-jiang River clustered firstly and then did with that of Red Water River.The dendrogram relationship and genetic distance of three populations are closely linked with geography distribution.