CAJ | 학술논문

依据爱德华·泰勒的万物有灵观、弗雷泽的原始巫术思维原理、范热内普的过渡礼仪等人类学经典理论，从尧舜禅让中的舜囚尧，以及典籍中的类比性描述，对《尚书》中年龄数字的剖析，去掉神话历史化、历史道德化的迷雾，尧舜禹禅让的真相是老人自死习俗，周期三年。商末周初，随着观念和习俗的演变，老人生命的终结，逐渐由自死的形式过渡到自然死亡的形式，该习俗已经在国家层面不复存在，并分别演化成“大夫七十而致事”的官礼、“三年之丧”的丧礼。老人自死是那个时代敬老、孝道的重大仪式。
의거애덕화·태륵적만물유령관、불뢰택적원시무술사유원리、범열내보적과도례의등인류학경전이론，종요순선양중적순수요，이급전적중적류비성묘술，대《상서》중년령수자적부석，거도신화역사화、역사도덕화적미무，요순우선양적진상시노인자사습속，주기삼년。상말주초，수착관념화습속적연변，노인생명적종결，축점유자사적형식과도도자연사망적형식，해습속이경재국가층면불복존재，병분별연화성“대부칠십이치사”적관례、“삼년지상”적상례。노인자사시나개시대경로、효도적중대의식。
Based on certain things,such as Edward Taylor’s animatism theory,Frazer’s theory regard-ing the primitive magical thoughts,Gennep’s classic theories on Anthropology in his book Les Rites De Passage,the descriptions about abdication system in ancient books and records and the analysis regarding the age issue in The Book of History,we could reveal the truth that instead of being a result of moraliza-tion,it is the development of the society that finally makes people stop letting the untended elders die a-lone,instead,they would take care of the elders,and let their lives come to a natural end.When it comes to the late Shang and early Zhou Dynasties,the elders’lone death custom is no longer popular,people started to invest more time and energy to care for the elders.But before that,the elders’lone death custom is re-garded as a way that people shows their respect to the elders.