CAJ | 학술논문

密度依赖的对称能作为核物质状态方程的同位旋相关部分，是当前核物理和天体物理两个领域共同关注的重要热点问题之一。人们在实验和理论两方面对此进行了大量的探索，然而由于问题的困难性，对其研究尚未达成共识。目前，研究对称能的方法有很多，其中包括微观和唯像核多体理论、重离子碰撞、原子核的巨共振等。近年来，低密对称能的研究已经取得了重要进展。本文综述了利用有限核的信息来约束核物质对称能的密度依赖性方面的研究工作，这一研究途径尽可能地降低了理论分析的模型依赖性。研究表明，208Pb对称能(系数) asym(A)等于参考密度ρA=0.55ρ0处的核物质对称能(系数)。这个关系将有限核与核物质的对称能联系了起来，借此可以探究亚饱和密度核物质对称能的密度依赖性，因此核心目标是准确确定208 Pb对称能(系数)。我们通过重核β?衰变能和质量差来提取208 Pb对称能(系数)，进而约束亚饱和密度下核物质对称能的密度依赖行为。
밀도의뢰적대칭능작위핵물질상태방정적동위선상관부분，시당전핵물리화천체물리량개영역공동관주적중요열점문제지일。인문재실험화이론량방면대차진행료대량적탐색，연이유우문제적곤난성，대기연구상미체성공식。목전，연구대칭능적방법유흔다，기중포괄미관화유상핵다체이론、중리자팽당、원자핵적거공진등。근년래，저밀대칭능적연구이경취득료중요진전。본문종술료이용유한핵적신식래약속핵물질대칭능적밀도의뢰성방면적연구공작，저일연구도경진가능지강저료이론분석적모형의뢰성。연구표명，208Pb대칭능(계수) asym(A)등우삼고밀도ρA=0.55ρ0처적핵물질대칭능(계수)。저개관계장유한핵여핵물질적대칭능련계료기래，차차가이탐구아포화밀도핵물질대칭능적밀도의뢰성，인차핵심목표시준학학정208 Pb대칭능(계수)。아문통과중핵β?쇠변능화질량차래제취208 Pb대칭능(계수)，진이약속아포화밀도하핵물질대칭능적밀도의뢰행위。
Nuclear symmetry energy characterizing the isospin dependent part of equation of state, is a hot topic in nuclear physics and astrophysics. Although many theoretical and experimental efforts have been performed, due to its di?culty, this problem remains unsolved. There are many approaches to deal with this issue, including nuclear many-body theories, heavy ion reactions, and nuclear giant resonances. Recently, significant progress has been made in constraining the density dependence of the symmetry energy around the saturation density. We explore the symmetry energy around the saturation density with the help of the properties of finite nuclei to reduce the uncertainty as far as possible. It is found that the symmetry energy (coe?cient) of 208Pb equals that of nuclear matter at reference density ρA=0.55 ρ0. This relation links the symmetry energy of the nuclear matter and the one of finite nuclei, with the help of which one can explore the density dependence of the symmetry energy. Thus, the central issue is to obtain the symmetry energy (coe?cient) of 208Pb. We exacted it with the experimentalβ?-decay energies of heavy nuclei and with nuclear mass differences, and then to constrain the density dependent symmetry energy at subsaturation density.