CAJ | 학술논문

目的：通过分析2013年拉萨城关区城乡居民的体检结果，了解高原地区人们的健康状况。方法回顾性分析2013年5~9月拉萨城关区居民健康体检报告，根据年龄及地区分布，分析不同年龄组的疾病谱及比较农村组和城市组疾病检出率。结果39193名体检者中体检显示全部正常的为19956名，占50.92％。随着年龄段的增长，体检正常的比率下降。0~6岁体检检出主要的疾病有龋齿、贫血、疑似先心病、疑似肺结核及佝偻病，并且城市组龋齿和佝偻病显著高于农村组（ P <0.05），农村组贫血、先心病和肺结核显著高于城市组（ P <0.05）。7~18岁体检检出主要的疾病有呼吸道感染、泌尿系感染、扁桃体炎、龋齿及红细胞增多，农村组中呼吸道感染、扁桃体炎、乙型肝炎、疑似先心病、低脂血症、贫血、胆囊炎及肾病综合征均高于城市组（ P <0.05），城市组龋齿患病率高于农村组（ P <0.05）。19~44岁体检检出的主要疾病有脂肪肝、心电图异常、红细胞增多、泌尿系感染及呼吸道感染，农村组脂肪肝、心电图异常、红细胞增多、泌尿系感染、呼吸道感染、高脂血症、类风湿关节炎患病率均高于城市组（ P <0.05）。45~60岁体检检出主要的疾病有脂肪肝、高血压、泌尿系感染、红细胞增多及心电图异常，农村组红细胞增多、心电图异常、高脂血症以及除去乙型肝炎以外的丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高均高于城市组（ P <0.05），而城市组乙型肝炎、类风湿关节炎高于农村组（ P <0.05）。﹥60岁体检检出的主要疾病高血压、脂肪肝、类风湿关节炎、胆囊结石及心电图异常，城市组中脂肪肝、红细胞增多高于农村组（ P <0.05），而农村组中心电图异常高于城市组（ P <0.05）。结论拉萨城关区不同年龄段的疾病谱有所差异，农村与城市之间的疾病谱也存在差异。目的：通過分析2013年拉薩城關區城鄉居民的體檢結果，瞭解高原地區人們的健康狀況。方法迴顧性分析2013年5~9月拉薩城關區居民健康體檢報告，根據年齡及地區分佈，分析不同年齡組的疾病譜及比較農村組和城市組疾病檢齣率。結果39193名體檢者中體檢顯示全部正常的為19956名，佔50.92％。隨著年齡段的增長，體檢正常的比率下降。0~6歲體檢檢齣主要的疾病有齲齒、貧血、疑似先心病、疑似肺結覈及佝僂病，併且城市組齲齒和佝僂病顯著高于農村組（ P <0.05），農村組貧血、先心病和肺結覈顯著高于城市組（ P <0.05）。7~18歲體檢檢齣主要的疾病有呼吸道感染、泌尿繫感染、扁桃體炎、齲齒及紅細胞增多，農村組中呼吸道感染、扁桃體炎、乙型肝炎、疑似先心病、低脂血癥、貧血、膽囊炎及腎病綜閤徵均高于城市組（ P <0.05），城市組齲齒患病率高于農村組（ P <0.05）。19~44歲體檢檢齣的主要疾病有脂肪肝、心電圖異常、紅細胞增多、泌尿繫感染及呼吸道感染，農村組脂肪肝、心電圖異常、紅細胞增多、泌尿繫感染、呼吸道感染、高脂血癥、類風濕關節炎患病率均高于城市組（ P <0.05）。45~60歲體檢檢齣主要的疾病有脂肪肝、高血壓、泌尿繫感染、紅細胞增多及心電圖異常，農村組紅細胞增多、心電圖異常、高脂血癥以及除去乙型肝炎以外的丙氨痠氨基轉移酶升高均高于城市組（ P <0.05），而城市組乙型肝炎、類風濕關節炎高于農村組（ P <0.05）。﹥60歲體檢檢齣的主要疾病高血壓、脂肪肝、類風濕關節炎、膽囊結石及心電圖異常，城市組中脂肪肝、紅細胞增多高于農村組（ P <0.05），而農村組中心電圖異常高于城市組（ P <0.05）。結論拉薩城關區不同年齡段的疾病譜有所差異，農村與城市之間的疾病譜也存在差異。
목적：통과분석2013년랍살성관구성향거민적체검결과，료해고원지구인문적건강상황。방법회고성분석2013년5~9월랍살성관구거민건강체검보고，근거년령급지구분포，분석불동년령조적질병보급비교농촌조화성시조질병검출솔。결과39193명체검자중체검현시전부정상적위19956명，점50.92％。수착년령단적증장，체검정상적비솔하강。0~6세체검검출주요적질병유우치、빈혈、의사선심병、의사폐결핵급구루병，병차성시조우치화구루병현저고우농촌조（ P <0.05），농촌조빈혈、선심병화폐결핵현저고우성시조（ P <0.05）。7~18세체검검출주요적질병유호흡도감염、비뇨계감염、편도체염、우치급홍세포증다，농촌조중호흡도감염、편도체염、을형간염、의사선심병、저지혈증、빈혈、담낭염급신병종합정균고우성시조（ P <0.05），성시조우치환병솔고우농촌조（ P <0.05）。19~44세체검검출적주요질병유지방간、심전도이상、홍세포증다、비뇨계감염급호흡도감염，농촌조지방간、심전도이상、홍세포증다、비뇨계감염、호흡도감염、고지혈증、류풍습관절염환병솔균고우성시조（ P <0.05）。45~60세체검검출주요적질병유지방간、고혈압、비뇨계감염、홍세포증다급심전도이상，농촌조홍세포증다、심전도이상、고지혈증이급제거을형간염이외적병안산안기전이매승고균고우성시조（ P <0.05），이성시조을형간염、류풍습관절염고우농촌조（ P <0.05）。﹥60세체검검출적주요질병고혈압、지방간、류풍습관절염、담낭결석급심전도이상，성시조중지방간、홍세포증다고우농촌조（ P <0.05），이농촌조중심전도이상고우성시조（ P <0.05）。결론랍살성관구불동년령단적질병보유소차이，농촌여성시지간적질병보야존재차이。
Objective To obtain the health situation and disease distribution of inhabitants in plateau area by analyzing results of physical examination of these residents living in Chengguan District of Lhasa. Methods The data of results of physical examination of residents in Cheng-guan District of Lhasa during May 2012 to September 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. These data were divided into different groups according to age and regional distribution,and they were compared to find out the difference of disease spectrum among groups. Results Among 39 193 re-spondents,19 956 were normal in physical examination,accounted for 50. 92% . Following the growth of age,the ratio of normal physical exami-nation was decreased. In younger children aged 0 ~ 6 years,the main health problems were caries,anemia,suspected congenital heart disease, suspected tuberculosis and rickets,the prevalence rates of caries and rickets in city group were significantly higher than those in rural group( P <0. 05),and the prevalence rates of anemia,suspected congenital heart disease and suspected pulmonary tuberculosis in rural group were signifi-cantly higher than those in city group( P < 0. 05). In children aged 7 ~ 18 years,the main health problems were respiratory infection,urinary in-fection,tonsillitis,caries,and erythrocytosis,the prevalence rates of respiratory infection,tonsillitis,hepatitis B,suspected congenital heart dis-ease,hypolipidemia,anemia,cholecystitis and nephrotic syndrome in rural group were significantly higher than those in city group( P < 0. 05), and the prevalence rate of caries in city group was significantly higher than that in rural group( P < 0. 05). In residents aged 19 ~ 44 years,the main health problems were fatty liver,abnormal electrocardiogram(ECG),erythrocytosis,urinary infection and respiratory infections,the preva-lence rates of fatty liver,abnormal ECG,erythrocytosis,urinary infections,respiratory infections,hyperlipidemia,rheumatoid arthritis in rural group were significantly higher than those in city group( P < 0. 05). In residents aged 45 ~ 60 years,the main health problems were fatty liver, hypertension,urinary infection,erythrocytosis and abnormal ECG,the prevalence rates of erythrocytosis,abnormal ECG,hyperlipidemia,and lif-ted glutamic - pyruvic transaminase except hepatitis B in rural group were significantly higher than those in city group( P < 0. 05),and the preva-lence rates of hepatitis B and rheumatoid arthritis in city group were significantly higher than those in rural group( P < 0. 05). In residents aged﹥ 60 years old,the main health problems were hypertension,fatty liver,rheumatoid arthritis,gallbladder stones and abnormal ECG,the preva-lence rates of fatty liver and erythrocytosis in city group were significantly higher than those in rural group( P < 0. 05),and the prevalence rate of abnormal ECG in rural group was higher than that in city group( P < 0. 05). Conclusion In Chengguan District of Lhasa,there are different diseases among different age groups,and the spectrum of diseases is different between rural and urban residents.