CAJ | 학술논문

位于浙江天台县蟹山山体内的黑洞洞室群,以其优越的工程地质条件和完整的岩体结构,自隋朝以来成为大型古地下采石场。洞室群包括总面积达24000 m2的21个洞室,其长轴方向基本沿两组主要地质结构面走向展布。研究显示：总体采石层系上白垩统塘上组(K2 t)第6层灰白色含玻屑熔结凝灰岩；岩体质量指标 Q 值计算结果为53(I 级)。按现代地下洞室设计理念,其长期稳定最大跨度应不大于50 m,但实际上5号洞最大跨度达81 m,可望成为地下人工岩石单洞跨度之最。现场调查发现,古人在蟹山山脚残留多处地质探洞。古代工匠在洞室开挖过程中遇到断层破碎带时,采用了近垂直、小断面、高台阶穿越技术方法,有效保证了不良地质体中无支护开采的安全性和长期稳定性,这对现代地下工程具有借鉴和工程类比意义。
위우절강천태현해산산체내적흑동동실군,이기우월적공정지질조건화완정적암체결구,자수조이래성위대형고지하채석장。동실군포괄총면적체24000 m2적21개동실,기장축방향기본연량조주요지질결구면주향전포。연구현시：총체채석층계상백성통당상조(K2 t)제6층회백색함파설용결응회암；암체질량지표 Q 치계산결과위53(I 급)。안현대지하동실설계이념,기장기은정최대과도응불대우50 m,단실제상5호동최대과도체81 m,가망성위지하인공암석단동과도지최。현장조사발현,고인재해산산각잔류다처지질탐동。고대공장재동실개알과정중우도단층파쇄대시,채용료근수직、소단면、고태계천월기술방법,유효보증료불량지질체중무지호개채적안전성화장기은정성,저대현대지하공정구유차감화공정류비의의。
The favorable engineering geological conditions and the structural integrity of rock mass make the Heidong ancient man-made underground caverns in Tiantai County,Zhejiang Province a large scale subterraneous quarry ever since the Sui Dynasty.Consisting of 21 single caverns,the group caverns situated in Xieshan cover an area of 24 000 m2 ,and the long axis of the caverns tend towards the same direction of the strike of the major two sets of geological structural planes.The lithology of the overall quarrying area is composed of the Upper Cretaceous Tangshang Formation layer No.6 off-white vitric ignimbrite.The value of the rock mass quality index Q is 53 (class I).If the concept of modern underground caverns’architectural design is held,the maximum allowable span for the caverns’secular stability should not be greater than 50 m,and the maximum span of cavern No.5 actually reaches 81 m-promises to be perhaps the greatest span of single cavern.The several geological exploratory holes excavated by the ancients in the foot of Xieshan and the large angle small section high bench passing technique adopted in regional fault fracture zone effectively ensure the safety and secular stability of unsupported mining in unfavorable geological bodies.By piling massive quarrying waste in the cavern, the stability of the side walls is enhanced to some extent,and besides,the disposal method is also beneficial to the environment.