CAJ | 학술논문

通过对中日两国性向词汇的调查研究发现，中国人的词汇量远远超过日本人，呈现出中国人在对人评价词汇上更具能产性以及丰富多彩的使用特点。对于“能干的人”这一小项，中日两国既有共性又有差异。中国人的“劳模、榜样”，日本人的「頑張り屋」（踏实肯干）等正面评价词汇，具有显著的差异。“能干的人”属于正面评价，但在中日两国的性向词汇中，均出现了为数不少的负面评价词汇，日语尤其突出，出现了由正面向负面转变的倾向，具有「下降性傾斜の原理」。这种负面评价的价值取向，构成了性向词汇的特色之一，凸显出中日两国文化中深层的“负性原理”。
통과대중일량국성향사회적조사연구발현，중국인적사회량원원초과일본인，정현출중국인재대인평개사회상경구능산성이급봉부다채적사용특점。대우“능간적인”저일소항，중일량국기유공성우유차이。중국인적“로모、방양”，일본인적「완장り옥」（답실긍간）등정면평개사회，구유현저적차이。“능간적인”속우정면평개，단재중일량국적성향사회중，균출현료위수불소적부면평개사회，일어우기돌출，출현료유정면향부면전변적경향，구유「하강성경사の원리」。저충부면평개적개치취향，구성료성향사회적특색지일，철현출중일량국문화중심층적“부성원리”。
This study focuses on gender-based phrases in Chinese and Japanese. It finds that Chinese people are far more proficient than their Japanese counterparts in terms of vocabulary size, productivity and variety. In a case study of the phrase“capable people”, Chinese and Japanese speakers display both similarities and differences. But significant differences can be found in the Chinese phrase“role model”or“good example”and the Japanese phrase“ganbariya”, which are all positive evaluations. Positive as the phrase“capable people”is, it is associated with a considerable number of negative evaluative phrases in both Chinese and Japanese,and especially in Japanese. This is a change from positive to negative, conforming to the principle of diminishing slant. Negative evaluations constitute a major feature of gender-based phrases, highlighting the negation principle lying deep in Chinese and Japanese cultures.