云南师范大学学报(对外汉语教学与研究版)
雲南師範大學學報(對外漢語教學與研究版)
운남사범대학학보(대외한어교학여연구판)
JOURNAL OF YUNAN NORMAL UNIVERSITY(TEACHING AND RESEARCH ON CHINESE AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE)
2015年
1期
71-79
,共9页
泰国%语言教育%政策%嬗变
泰國%語言教育%政策%嬗變
태국%어언교육%정책%선변
Thailand%language education%policy%change
19世纪中叶以来,随着泰国民族主义的兴起,泰国在推动近代社会改革,构建民族国家和维护国家独立与统一的过程中,逐渐形成自己的语言及语言教育政策。主要包括两个方面:一是实行单一的民族语言及其教育政策,即强制性地推行泰语及其文化,限制、排斥和消除其他语言文化,来促进各民族的融合及其对国家的认同;二是实行多元化的外语教育政策,尤其重视英语,强调外语的工具性,对有碍民族同化的外语及其教育采取长期压制的政策。进入21世纪以后,泰国政府在强调确保标准泰语的主导地位的同时,也十分强调维护本国的各种方言和少数民族语言,重视工具性的多种外语。泰国的语言及语言教育政策正朝着更加包容、多元并存的方向发展。
19世紀中葉以來,隨著泰國民族主義的興起,泰國在推動近代社會改革,構建民族國傢和維護國傢獨立與統一的過程中,逐漸形成自己的語言及語言教育政策。主要包括兩箇方麵:一是實行單一的民族語言及其教育政策,即彊製性地推行泰語及其文化,限製、排斥和消除其他語言文化,來促進各民族的融閤及其對國傢的認同;二是實行多元化的外語教育政策,尤其重視英語,彊調外語的工具性,對有礙民族同化的外語及其教育採取長期壓製的政策。進入21世紀以後,泰國政府在彊調確保標準泰語的主導地位的同時,也十分彊調維護本國的各種方言和少數民族語言,重視工具性的多種外語。泰國的語言及語言教育政策正朝著更加包容、多元併存的方嚮髮展。
19세기중협이래,수착태국민족주의적흥기,태국재추동근대사회개혁,구건민족국가화유호국가독립여통일적과정중,축점형성자기적어언급어언교육정책。주요포괄량개방면:일시실행단일적민족어언급기교육정책,즉강제성지추행태어급기문화,한제、배척화소제기타어언문화,래촉진각민족적융합급기대국가적인동;이시실행다원화적외어교육정책,우기중시영어,강조외어적공구성,대유애민족동화적외어급기교육채취장기압제적정책。진입21세기이후,태국정부재강조학보표준태어적주도지위적동시,야십분강조유호본국적각충방언화소수민족어언,중시공구성적다충외어。태국적어언급어언교육정책정조착경가포용、다원병존적방향발전。
Since the mid-1 9-century,under the influence of the rising nationalism and in the process of promoting social reform and establishing a nation-state and strengthening its national unity,Thai-land has gradually worked out its language and language-education policies.These policies have two typical features as follows:on the one hand,it has implemented a mono-lingual language policy and education,that is,the teaching of the Thai language and culture has been enforced to the exclusion of all other languages and cultures in order to promote the fusion of all ethnic groups and strengthen their national identity;on the other hand,it has also implemented the policy of multi-foreign langua-ges with an emphasis on English and on the practical functions of foreign languages,but it has dis-couraged the teaching of those languages that hinder its national assimilation.Since the 21st century, the Government of Thailand has tried to ensure the dominant position of the Thai language,and at the same time attached much importance to the maintenance of its dialects and minority languages as well as some foreign languages used as tools,which reveals a more flexible and tolerable orientation of its language-education policies.