中国水稻科学
中國水稻科學
중국수도과학
CHINESE JOURNAL OF RICE SCIENCE
2015年
1期
45-55
,共11页
郭保卫%朱大伟%许轲%张洪程%周兴涛%朱聪聪%曹利强%陈厚存%陈京都%戴其根%霍中洋%魏海燕%李明银
郭保衛%硃大偉%許軻%張洪程%週興濤%硃聰聰%曹利彊%陳厚存%陳京都%戴其根%霍中洋%魏海燕%李明銀
곽보위%주대위%허가%장홍정%주흥도%주총총%조리강%진후존%진경도%대기근%곽중양%위해연%리명은
超级稻%有序摆抛%2 连孔%3 连孔%茎秆%抗倒伏
超級稻%有序襬拋%2 連孔%3 連孔%莖稈%抗倒伏
초급도%유서파포%2 련공%3 련공%경간%항도복
super rice%ordered transplanting and optimized broadcasting%2-hole%3-hole%culm%lodging resistance
以粳型超级稻武运粳24和南粳44为试材,设置摆栽、点抛和撒抛三种抛栽方式,并以机插为对照,从茎秆抗折力、茎秆壁厚、节间长度、粗度、干质量等方面系统研究了有序摆抛稻的茎秆特性及其抗倒伏能力,结果如下：1)超级稻不同抛栽方式间抗倒伏能力差异显著,茎秆倒伏指数不同抛栽方式间表现为摆栽＜点抛＜撒抛、机插,基部节间抗折力、弯曲力矩和抗倒伏能力均表现为摆栽＞点抛＞撒抛、机插.就各抛栽方式下不同连孔处理而言,基部 N1节间倒伏指数差异不显著,N2、N3、N4抗倒伏能力表现为2连孔、3连孔＞单孔.2)有序摆抛栽水稻相对重心高度稍低,成熟期茎鞘干物质量大,单穗干质量大,尤其2连孔和3连孔植株优势明显.不同抛栽方式间基部节间粗度、壁厚、节间质量和单位干质量表现为摆栽＞点抛＞撒抛,不同连孔处理间为2连孔＞3连孔＞单孔.除基部第1节间外,节间长度在抛栽方式间表现为摆栽＞点抛＞撒抛的趋势,不同连孔节间表现为2连孔、3连孔＜单孔的趋势.2连孔、3连孔钵苗有序摆抛在高产条件下稻株茎秆粗壮,节间短粗,节间壁厚,茎秆单位节间重,基部节间抗折力大,抗倒伏能力强,是一种利于提高水稻抗倒能力的新型水稻轻简高产栽培方式.
以粳型超級稻武運粳24和南粳44為試材,設置襬栽、點拋和撒拋三種拋栽方式,併以機插為對照,從莖稈抗摺力、莖稈壁厚、節間長度、粗度、榦質量等方麵繫統研究瞭有序襬拋稻的莖稈特性及其抗倒伏能力,結果如下：1)超級稻不同拋栽方式間抗倒伏能力差異顯著,莖稈倒伏指數不同拋栽方式間錶現為襬栽＜點拋＜撒拋、機插,基部節間抗摺力、彎麯力矩和抗倒伏能力均錶現為襬栽＞點拋＞撒拋、機插.就各拋栽方式下不同連孔處理而言,基部 N1節間倒伏指數差異不顯著,N2、N3、N4抗倒伏能力錶現為2連孔、3連孔＞單孔.2)有序襬拋栽水稻相對重心高度稍低,成熟期莖鞘榦物質量大,單穗榦質量大,尤其2連孔和3連孔植株優勢明顯.不同拋栽方式間基部節間粗度、壁厚、節間質量和單位榦質量錶現為襬栽＞點拋＞撒拋,不同連孔處理間為2連孔＞3連孔＞單孔.除基部第1節間外,節間長度在拋栽方式間錶現為襬栽＞點拋＞撒拋的趨勢,不同連孔節間錶現為2連孔、3連孔＜單孔的趨勢.2連孔、3連孔缽苗有序襬拋在高產條件下稻株莖稈粗壯,節間短粗,節間壁厚,莖稈單位節間重,基部節間抗摺力大,抗倒伏能力彊,是一種利于提高水稻抗倒能力的新型水稻輕簡高產栽培方式.
이갱형초급도무운갱24화남갱44위시재,설치파재、점포화살포삼충포재방식,병이궤삽위대조,종경간항절력、경간벽후、절간장도、조도、간질량등방면계통연구료유서파포도적경간특성급기항도복능력,결과여하：1)초급도불동포재방식간항도복능력차이현저,경간도복지수불동포재방식간표현위파재＜점포＜살포、궤삽,기부절간항절력、만곡력구화항도복능력균표현위파재＞점포＞살포、궤삽.취각포재방식하불동련공처리이언,기부 N1절간도복지수차이불현저,N2、N3、N4항도복능력표현위2련공、3련공＞단공.2)유서파포재수도상대중심고도초저,성숙기경초간물질량대,단수간질량대,우기2련공화3련공식주우세명현.불동포재방식간기부절간조도、벽후、절간질량화단위간질량표현위파재＞점포＞살포,불동련공처리간위2련공＞3련공＞단공.제기부제1절간외,절간장도재포재방식간표현위파재＞점포＞살포적추세,불동련공절간표현위2련공、3련공＜단공적추세.2련공、3련공발묘유서파포재고산조건하도주경간조장,절간단조,절간벽후,경간단위절간중,기부절간항절력대,항도복능력강,시일충리우제고수도항도능력적신형수도경간고산재배방식.
The lodging resistance of rice under ordered transplanting (OT),optimized broadcasting (OB)and cast transplanting (CT)was compared with that under mechanical transplanting (MT)based on culm breaking resistance, culm diameter,internodes length,culm wall thickness,dry weight,etc by using super rice wuyunjing 24 and nanjing 44.The results are as follows:1 )The lodging resistance significantly differed under different transplanting patterns. The breaking force (BF),bending moment (BM)and lodging resistance among different transplanting treatments were OT>OB>CT,MT.There were no significant differences in lodging index(LI)of the 1 st basal internodes for 3-hole, 2-hole and single-hole seedlings while the lodging resistance of 2-hole and 3-hole rice was higher than that of single-hole rice for the 2nd,3rd,4th basal internodes.2)Ordered transplanting and optimized broadcasting resulted in slightly lower ratio of gravity center height to plant height,heavier dry weight of leaf and sheath and single panicle weight,es-pecially for 2-hole and 3-hole cultivated rice.And culm diameter,culm wall thickness,dry weight of culm,dry weight per unit internode under different transplanting treatments followed a trend of OB>OT>CT and 2-hole>3-hole>sin-gle-hole.While internode length of the basal 2nd,3rd,4th internodes showed a trend of OB<OT<CT and 2-hole<3-hole<single-hole.2-hole and 3-hole ordered transplanting plants have strong lodging resistance with strong stem,short basal internode length,thick culm wall,heavy dry weight per unit internode and big breaking force and it will be a new type of simplified cultivation for high yield and super high yield.
