CAJ | 학술논문

目的：分析不同胎龄及出生体重早产儿并发症情况以及感染病原菌种类。方法将2008年1月至2010年12月在我院住院的483例早产儿根据出生体重分为＜1500 g、1500～2500 g、≥2500 g组，根据胎龄分为＜32周、32～34周、34～37周组，比较各组并发症发生率及感染病原菌种类的差异。结果（1）各系统并发症：呼吸系统并发症最为常见，除神经系统外，胎龄越小，出生体重越低，各系统并发症的发生率越高，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05），而神经系统并发症在不同出生体重的患儿中差异无统计学意义（ P＞0.05），在32～34周胎龄组及≥2500 g组发生率较其他组为高（ P＜0.05）；（2）疾病种类：呼吸系统疾病、喂养不耐受、贫血、动脉导管未闭、低血糖、电解质紊乱、代谢性酸中毒在不同胎龄及出生体重组之间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），胎龄及出生体重越小，发生率越高；新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病、高胆红素血症在不同胎龄及出生体重组之间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。（3）痰培养阳性率为14.7％（71／483），以革兰阴性杆菌为主，肺炎克雷白杆菌、假单胞菌属及鲍曼不动杆菌最为常见。不同胎龄及不同出生体重组痰培养阳性率差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），胎龄及出生体重越小，阳性率越高。结论早产儿并发症的发生率与胎龄及出生体重有关，胎龄及出生体重越小，发生率越高。病原菌种类以革兰阴性杆菌为主，且胎龄及出生体重越小，阳性率越高。
목적：분석불동태령급출생체중조산인병발증정황이급감염병원균충류。방법장2008년1월지2010년12월재아원주원적483례조산인근거출생체중분위＜1500 g、1500～2500 g、≥2500 g조，근거태령분위＜32주、32～34주、34～37주조，비교각조병발증발생솔급감염병원균충류적차이。결과（1）각계통병발증：호흡계통병발증최위상견，제신경계통외，태령월소，출생체중월저，각계통병발증적발생솔월고，차이균유통계학의의（P＜0.05），이신경계통병발증재불동출생체중적환인중차이무통계학의의（ P＞0.05），재32～34주태령조급≥2500 g조발생솔교기타조위고（ P＜0.05）；（2）질병충류：호흡계통질병、위양불내수、빈혈、동맥도관미폐、저혈당、전해질문란、대사성산중독재불동태령급출생체중조지간차이유통계학의의（P＜0.05），태령급출생체중월소，발생솔월고；신생인결양결혈성뇌병、고담홍소혈증재불동태령급출생체중조지간차이무통계학의의（P＞0.05）。（3）담배양양성솔위14.7％（71／483），이혁란음성간균위주，폐염극뢰백간균、가단포균속급포만불동간균최위상견。불동태령급불동출생체중조담배양양성솔차이유통계학의의（P＜0.05），태령급출생체중월소，양성솔월고。결론조산인병발증적발생솔여태령급출생체중유관，태령급출생체중월소，발생솔월고。병원균충류이혁란음성간균위주，차태령급출생체중월소，양성솔월고。
Objective To analyzeht e complications and infection pathogens of per mature infants with different gestatio nal age and birth body mass.Methods The 483 premature infants oh spitalizde in our hospital from Jan 2008 to Dec 2010 were dividedi nto <1 500 g,1 500-2 500 g,≥2 500g rg oups,respectiveyl ,accord-ign to birth weight;or were divided into <32 weeks,32-34 weeks,34-37 weeks groups,respectively,accord-ing to gestational age.The incidence of comp lications and infection pathogens among the groups were analyzed. Results (1)System complications:respiratory oc mplications were the most common.Excpe t nervous system, the incidence of other system complications was higher with the smaller gestational age or birth body mass,and the differences were significant(P<0.05).The incidence of nervous system complications was higher in 32-34 weeks and≥2 500 g group than other groups(P<0.05),while showed no significant difference among differ-ent birth body mass groups(P>0.05).(2) Type of diseases:respiratory system disease,feeding intolerance,a-nemia,patent ductusa rteriosus,hypoglycemia,electrolyte disorder,metabolic acidosis showed ts atistically signif-icant dfi ferecn es among different gestational age or birth weight groups ( P<0.05 ) .The incidence was hgi her witht he smaller gestational age or birth body mass.The differences of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopa-thy and hyperbilirubinemia among different gestational age or birth weight were not statistically significant (P>0.05).(3) A total of 14.7%(71/483)sputum cultures were positive,and mainly showed gram-negative bacilli.Among them,Klebsiella Pneumoniae,P seudomonas and Acinetobacter baumannii were most common. The differences of sputum bacterial culture positive rates were statistically significant in different gse tational age or birth weight groups(P<0.05),the smaller the gestational age or birth weight,the higher the positive rates. Conclusion A variety of complicatino s occurres in premta ure infatn s,adn t he incidence of complications is as-sociated with gestational age and birth body mass,the smaller the gestational age or birth body mass,the higher the incidence is.Pathogenic bacteria species are given priority to gram-negative bacilli,and the smaller the ges-tational age and birth body mass,the higher the positive ratse are.