CAJ | 학술논문

从现代政治理念出发评析古代儒家的政治观点，以期发掘儒家学说中值得借鉴的精华，提升不断弱化的传统文化的影响。作者研究了宗法一体化的超稳定结构与儒生阶层的政治社会化之间的关系，认为：近世王朝统治衰弱以致中华文明不敌西方文明的强势挑战，也可以从儒生阶层政治社会化的过程中找到根由。因此，借助儒生阶层政治社会化这个视角，可以发现“儒生—士大夫—官僚系统”这一同构体在古代中国社会宗法一体化的超稳定结构的生成与维持之中的角色功用与负外部性，进而探讨作为国家意识形态的儒家国家学说（政治儒学）与作为日常生活世界运行准则的儒家伦理（文化儒学）的价值与悖论，发掘出儒家学说中值得吸收的东西，以提升不断弱化的传统文化的影响，并在借鉴与警惕儒生阶层政治社会化的同时，在现代社会大规模、弥散性的政治社会化之中糅合进现代政治伦理与法治精神，为最终构建起一个合理的政治道德体系而努力。
종현대정치이념출발평석고대유가적정치관점，이기발굴유가학설중치득차감적정화，제승불단약화적전통문화적영향。작자연구료종법일체화적초은정결구여유생계층적정치사회화지간적관계，인위：근세왕조통치쇠약이치중화문명불활서방문명적강세도전，야가이종유생계층정치사회화적과정중조도근유。인차，차조유생계층정치사회화저개시각，가이발현“유생—사대부—관료계통”저일동구체재고대중국사회종법일체화적초은정결구적생성여유지지중적각색공용여부외부성，진이탐토작위국가의식형태적유가국가학설（정치유학）여작위일상생활세계운행준칙적유가윤리（문화유학）적개치여패론，발굴출유가학설중치득흡수적동서，이제승불단약화적전통문화적영향，병재차감여경척유생계층정치사회화적동시，재현대사회대규모、미산성적정치사회화지중유합진현대정치윤리여법치정신，위최종구건기일개합리적정치도덕체계이노력。
Through the study of Confucian classics and the practice of social ceremony,Confucian scholars completed their preliminary political socialization,then they passed the imperial examinations into the literary intelligentsia and eventually became a loyal member of the bureaucratic system. Such political socialization process fully explained the internal supporting factors of the super-stable structure of ancient Chinese society. We can also get at the roots in the process of why the modern Chinese society is so weak that the Chinese civilization cannot withstand the impact of western civilization. Through studies about the political socialization of the Confucian scholar class,we can find the role,the function and the externality of the“Confucian scholar—scholar-bureaucrat—bureaucracy”structure in generating and maintaining the super stable structure of the patriarchal clan integration in ancient Chinese society. On such basis,we discuss the value and paradox of the Confucius’theory of state (political Confucianism),which serves as the national ideology and the Confucian ethics (cultural Confucianism),which serves as the operation principles of everyday life,trying to uncover something worth absorbing in Confucianism to enhance the weakening influence of traditional culture. We believe that,when taking reference from the political socialization of the Confucian scholar class,we can eventually build up a reasonable political morality system by mixing modern political ethic and the spirit of the rule of law into the large-scale,diffusing political socialization of modern society.